Found: University of Birmingham) ( ZAS0027 ) 11 Bristol Airport ( ZAS0054 ) 12 Buss, Dr Grahame ( ZAS0019 ) 13 Carbon

Found: decarbonisation or displacement of hydrogen currently produced by steam methane reformation without carbon

Found: The main technologies for this will be carbon capture, hydrogen power and long-duration energy storage

Found: long-term policy and financial clarity to attract and de-risk private investment in key technologies like carbon

Found: In the full clean electricity system envisaged by the Government, gas generation without associated carbon

Found: a regulatory regime for ESG ratings providers ; • We p ublished investment roadmaps , including on Carbon

Found: be recognition of the ongoing need for available, secure supplies of affordable gas and offsite carbon

Found: to the recycling area, not just the bio —if I can call it that—area.4 Greg Archer: LanzaTech is a carbon

Found: arrays of offshore wind farms in London, and nor are we going to be building hydrogen storage units or carbon

Found: combustion power plants to be built in such a way that they can convert to hy drogen -firing or retrofit carbon

Found: Public Awareness of Carbon Capture and Storage: A survey of attitudes towards Climate Change Mitigation

Found: Technologies such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) are being used to nominally reduce the carbon

Found: published the Biomass Strategy, which directed all biomass operators to transition to bioenergy with carbon

Found: the development of a fully-fledged regulatory regime much in the same way the government has for Carbon

Found: capture and storage.

Found: Energy technologies could include Carbon Capture, Green Hydrogen generation & storage, and Battery

Found: We have created taskforces with the solar industry, the offshore wind industry, the Carbon Capture

Question to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs:

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what his planned timetable is to make a decision on whether Planetary Technologies and South West Water will be granted permission to carry out carbon sequestration trials involving adding alkaline minerals to treated waste water being pumped into the sea.

Answered by Rebecca Pow - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs)

In March 2023, Planetary Technologies and South West Water asked the Environment Agency to authorise their carbon sequestration trial in St Ives Bay. Varying South West Water’s EPR (Environmental Permitting Regulations) permit would not have been appropriate for a short term trial (less than one month) so the approach would be to issue a Local Enforcement Position. The current EPR permit for the discharge doesn’t cover the proposed dosing activity and only considers the local environmental aspects rather than the wider policy implications and effectiveness of carbon sequestration of adding alkaline material (magnesium hydroxide) into the waste water outfall pipe.

We commissioned the Water Research Centre (WRC) to audit Planetary Technologies’ proposal and we received WRC’s report in February 2024. The report concluded the trial was low risk and made several recommendations to Planetary. Planetary Technologies have now informed us that they wish to delay their formal application for the Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement trial for a period of approximately 6 to 12 months, to allow them time to action the recommendations.

We will consider a new application as and when we receive it.

More information can be found here.

Question to the HM Treasury:

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, whether he plans to amend fiscal rules to (a) incentivise and (b) reward spending on climate change mitigation measures.

Answered by Bim Afolami - Economic Secretary (HM Treasury)

The Government is committed to sustainable public finances and delivering on the priority of getting debt falling over the medium-term. To deliver on this priority, the Government has fiscal rules – the rules require underlying debt to be falling and borrowing to be below 3% of GDP in the fifth year of the rolling forecast period. The fiscal rules are comprehensive, and targeting public sector wide measures means the impact of Government decisions on the public finances is clearly reflected.

The Government is committed to ensuring fiscal decision making is aligned with achieving net zero and our legally binding environmental targets. The Green Book requires departments to assess the climate and environmental impacts of policy proposals, with major bids and proposals at fiscal events assessed according to these impacts, and Spending Review 2021 was developed alongside the Net Zero Strategy to ensure our plans were funded.

Spending Review 2021 committed £30 billion of domestic investment for the green industrial revolution. Since then, we have committed a further £6 billion for energy efficiency in the next parliament, up to £20 billion of long-term funding for early deployment of carbon capture, usage and storage, and over £1 billion for green industries supply chains through the Green Industries Growth Accelerator.

Question to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs:

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, whether his Department has made an assessment of the potential merits of the proposal from Planetary Technologies and South West Water to perform a carbon sequestration trial by adding magnesium hydroxide into treated wastewater outlet pipes.

Answered by Rebecca Pow - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs)

Greenhouse gas removal (GGR) technologies are technologies that seek to remove carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Technologies such as Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) are currently being considered under this category. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change now considers GGR technologies to be essential in limiting warming to 1.5 degrees. The Government has an ambition to reach 5MtCO2/year of removals by 2030, potentially rising to 23MtCO2/year by 2035.

Reaching Net Zero and achieving good environmental status in the seas is a priority for Defra. Trials which advance GGR technologies, such as the proposed trial by Planetary Technologies and South West Water, could bring us closer to being able to deploy these technologies at a large scale. Reaching Net Zero will have benefits for ocean health and ecosystems. GGR technologies such as OAE may also benefit ocean health in other ways, for example, they may temporarily help combat local ocean acidification and the related negative impacts on species and ecosystems, such as calcium carbonate dissolution of calcifying species.

Planetary Technologies have informed the Environment Agency that they wish to delay their formal application for their proposed trial for a period of approximately 6 to 12 months. A new application will be considered as and when it is received.

Question to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs:

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, if he will make an assessment of the implications for his policies of the report by the Water Research Centre entitled Pre-Trial Audit of the Planetary and South West Water Ocean and Alkalinity Enhancement Pilot, published in February 2024.

Answered by Rebecca Pow - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs)

The pilot proposed by Planetary Technologies and South West Water involves the addition of alkaline material into the sea to assess the extent to which this results in the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, as a method of engineered greenhouse gas removal.

The Environment Agency commissioned the Water Research Centre (WRC) to independently audit Planetary Technologies’ proposal and received WRC’s report in February 2024. The report concluded the trial was low risk and made several recommendations to Planetary. The WRC report can be found on a dedicated Planetary Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Trial Information Page hosted by the Environment Agency. More information can be found here. Planetary Technologies have informed the Environment Agency that they wish to delay their formal application for this proposed trial for a period of approximately 6 to 12 months, to allow them time to action the recommendations.

The Government is still evaluating the potential for marine-based technologies, such as ocean alkalinity enhancement, to provide a route for effective greenhouse gas removal. The benefits and risks to the environment need to be explored before these technologies can be deployed on a large scale. Pilot studies are essential to understanding the risks and benefits of these new technologies, but they need to be regulated to ensure they do not have adverse impacts themselves on the marine environment.

Found: general practice – progress review 62 NHS ambulance services 63 Housing – state of the nation 64 Carbon

Found: general practice – progress review 62 NHS ambulance services 63 Housing – state of the nation 64 Carbon

Found: revocations and reforms of REUL, including in policy areas such as product safety, clinical trials, carbon

Found: flooding • improve water and air quality • provide shelter for crops and livestock • contribute to carbon

Found: publications/energy -and-emissions -projections -2022- to-2040 . 11 Am fwy o wybodaeth, dylid darllen Carbon

Found: the adoption of carbon capture technology , which is not currently modelled in the DDM’s Net Zero Scenarios

Found: dependent on location, demonstrated by the inclusion of CCS abatement though track 1 of the Industrial Carbon

Found: Engineering- based approaches: such as Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage (DACCS), Bioenergy with

Found: It is also consulting on how engineered greenhouse gas removals, such as direct air carbon capture, could

Found: There are several benefits greenspace can provide that contribute to health, for example through carbon

Found: and renewable ener gy, petrochemicals, ener gy efficiency, green and clean hydr ogen, Carbon Captur e, Utilisation

Found: options covering land, coastal and ocean systems, including sector coupling, Carbon Dioxide Removal, Carbon

Found: Comments that carbon capture should be required We require combustion plants that generate 300 MW

Found: 1206) , arts. 1 , 19(2) (with arts. 5 , 19(7) ) C232 S. 106 applied (29.12.2022) by The Keadby 3 (Carbon

Found: and written approval detailing the carbon capture efficiency of the Carbon Capture Plant and CCGT under

Found: BAT guidance for post -combustion carbon capture (PCC) Annex 1 and 2: Decision checklist and consultation

Found: permit issued - EPR/PP3501LR/A001 View the permit issued for Net Zero Teesside Power Station and Carbon

Found: Capture Plant which permitted under the following Environmental Permitting Regulations (EPR) Schedule

Found: Capture Plant (EPR/PP3501LR) .

Found: zero future, including through exploit ing new and emerging technologies such as hydrogen production, Carbon

Found: It is also consulting on how engineered greenhouse gas removals, such as direct air carbon capture, could

Found: against the benefits for other species, delivery of Government policy ambitions of woodland creation, carbon

Found: RB – confirmed that carbon capture will be an element that the Commissioners are keen to look

Found: However, the alternative carbon capture options are not quoted and, as I am sure you will be aware,

Found: CommissionÔs work now and over the next five years will increasingly reflect how we make choices that drive carbon

Found: including benefits for other species, delivery of Government policy ambitions of woodland creation, carbon

Found: against the benefits for other species, delivery of Government policy ambitio ns of woodland creation, carbon

Found: revocations and reforms of REUL, including in policy areas such as product safety, clinical trials, carbon

Found: For example, UK Government decision-making on where to focus its support to develop Carbon Capture, Utilisation

Found: Other methods of enhancing carbon are soil carbon through regenerative agriculture, blue carbon, and carbon

Question

To ask the Scottish Government whether it will provide an update on how it is supporting the Scottish Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) Cluster to produce low carbon hydrogen at scale, as set out in its Hydrogen Action Plan.

Answered by Martin, Gillian - Minister for Energy and the Environment

The Scottish Government is committed to supporting the development of the Acorn project and the Scottish Cluster, which are essential for the production of low carbon hydrogen at scale. I attended the Inter-Ministerial Group in February and sit on the UK CCUS Ministerial Forum to represent Scottish interests and make the case for progress on Acorn to be accelerated. The Cabinet Secretary for Net Zero and Energy, and the previous Cabinet Secretary for Cabinet Secretary for Wellbeing Economy, Fair Work and Energy have also written to the UK Government in recent months to make the case for the acceleration of the Acorn project.

The decision to award the Acorn project is reserved to the UK Government and despite announcing in July 2023 that the Acorn project is ‘best placed’ to meet the criteria, there is still no final decision from the UK Government. This adds further delays to the deployment of CCUS in Scotland.

Question

To ask the Scottish Government how it is supporting Scottish industries to use hydrogen in their decarbonisation plans, as set out in its Hydrogen Action Plan.

Answered by Martin, Gillian - Minister for Energy and the Environment

Alongside electrification, hydrogen will be a key part of the net zero journey, particularly in transitioning many hard-to-abate sectors such as industry. The Scottish Government is developing a place-based, industry specific Just Transition Plan for the Grangemouth industrial cluster, as we committed to doing in our 2023 Programme for Government. The Plan will outline the strategic long-term future of the industrial cluster and a range of possibilities for operations at Grangemouth in 2045, including low-carbon hydrogen manufacture, carbon capture and storage, as well as wider Just Transition outcomes for the workforce, community and surrounding environment.

Beyond this, we have produced a detailed report on the distillery sector which can be found here .

We are engaging closely with the Cromarty Hydrogen Project (Storegga) 10.6MW and Scottish Power Whitelees Project 7.1MW both of whom are targeting industrial heat as an offtake for their renewable hydrogen and were successful in their applications for support from the UK Government via the first allocation round of the hydrogen production business model.

In addition, the Scottish Industrial Energy Transformation Fund (SIETF) has match-funded support grants for feasibility and engineering studies which can allow industrial manufacturers to investigate how they could use hydrogen to decarbonise their operations.