Stablecoin Ownership

Baroness Kramer Excerpts

Thursday 16th October 2025 Lords Chamber

[Lord Livermore (Lab)]

I am grateful to the noble Lord for his question. Before I answer him directly, perhaps I may also pay tribute to the Lord Speaker. He has been a friend to me since I first joined this House when he was an MP. I pay tribute to his outstanding service as Speaker of this House.

The noble Lord is correct to say that stablecoins have huge potential to play a significant role in both retail and wholesale payments. We are already seeing the benefits that stablecoin can provide in cross-border payments; for example, by reducing costs and improving efficiencies. He is absolutely right that it is important for the UK to harness these opportunities for the ongoing competitiveness of the UK financial services sector.

However, I do not think it is fair to say that the US is going any faster than the UK. Reading media coverage, we may conclude that, but the reality is that the US passed legislation for the regulation of stablecoin in the summer. US regulators will publish their regulatory rules in mid-2026, with a backstop date of January 2027 for the US regime to go live. In the UK, the Government published draft legislation in April, with final legislation due before the end of the year. Alongside this, the FCA is at an advanced stage in its consultation on the details of its regime, with a view to finalising its detailed rules and requirements in 2026. This will allow firms to be authorised and running in the UK regime by 2027.

[Baroness Kramer (LD)]

My Lords, let me join in paying tribute to the Lord Speaker. I do not know whether to congratulate him, or say it is with great regret that he is in a situation in which he needs to stand down. We have all appreciated his service so much. A great deal more will be said on future occasions.

Stablecoin is not just an issue of digital payments and the efficiency of the pipeline, although you might think that from listening to the conversation. The move towards a global rollout of dollar and renminbi stablecoins has huge implications for monetary sovereignty. A sterling stablecoin has implications for the gilt markets and, hence, the public finances. Does the Minister begin to understand my concern that neither the Government nor the regulators have a grip on this and are considering the issues only narrowly—frankly, at a snail’s pace; I am astonished at the comments that he made just now—which means that we risk acting too late to protect our own national interest?

[Lord Livermore (Lab)]

I do not accept what the noble Baroness says. There are, of course, financial stability and other considerations associated with stablecoin, but these need to be balanced against supporting innovation and ensuring the UK positions itself as a competitive global destination for digital assets. As I set out in my Answer to the original Question, I do not accept that the UK is in any way moving too slowly. The Government will bring forward final legislation to create a financial services regulatory regime for crypto assets this year, which will include issuing qualifying stablecoin in the UK. This will provide crypto asset firms the regulatory certainty needed to invest and help drive innovation in our financial services sector, and at the same time ensure that customers are protected from the worst harms when they make use of crypto asset services.