Question to the Ministry of Defence:

To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what doctrine governs the deployment of active cyber measures in response to hybrid attacks on allies.

The UK is taking coordinated action with NATO Allies and other international partners to counter the growing threat from hostile state hybrid activity and increase our collective resilience. The Government has a range of levers available to deter and respond to such activity, including cyber capabilities. Decisions on the use of cyber capabilities are taken through national decision-making arrangements on a case-by-case basis, with any activity conducted in accordance with international law.