Ministry of Defence

The latest statistics concerning UK Service personnel, including the trained strength of the Royal Marines, can be found here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/quarterly-service-personnel-statistics-2025

Defence quantum experts within Defence Science and Technology (DST), the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), and Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) work closely with our international allies and partners in wider Government, industry and academia to support the UK’s world class expertise in quantum, and to identify and exploit the potential opportunities this developing technology can bring. Defence is a founding partner of the National Quantum Technology Programme (NQTP) and works closely with the NQTP, DSIT, Innovate UK and the UKRI quantum research activities.

‘Quantum Radar’ and ‘Quantum Illumination’ have specific meanings. In both cases the technology is immature and the potential benefits to Defence remain uncertain.

However, the Ministry of Defence (MOD) is conducting science & technology research into Quantum Technologies more broadly. This includes a focus on clock technology to enhance timing capabilities and sensing for navigation and situational awareness. Trials have been undertaken to understand the utility this technology can offer and inform technology development. MOD is collaborating with the UK’s Quantum Ecosystem, including the Quantum sensing, Imaging and Timing (QuSIT) Hub (led by the University of Birmingham) that is researching Quantum enhanced RADAR.

The particular focus and priorities of Defence research activity is classified and cannot be released for National Security reasons.

Defence quantum experts within Defence Science and Technology (DST), the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), and Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) work closely with our international allies and partners in wider Government, industry and academia to support the UK’s world class expertise in quantum, and to identify and exploit the potential opportunities this developing technology can bring. Defence is a founding partner of the National Quantum Technology Programme (NQTP) and works closely with the NQTP, DSIT, Innovate UK and the UKRI quantum research activities.

‘Quantum Radar’ and ‘Quantum Illumination’ have specific meanings. In both cases the technology is immature and the potential benefits to Defence remain uncertain.

However, the Ministry of Defence (MOD) is conducting science & technology research into Quantum Technologies more broadly. This includes a focus on clock technology to enhance timing capabilities and sensing for navigation and situational awareness. Trials have been undertaken to understand the utility this technology can offer and inform technology development. MOD is collaborating with the UK’s Quantum Ecosystem, including the Quantum sensing, Imaging and Timing (QuSIT) Hub (led by the University of Birmingham) that is researching Quantum enhanced RADAR.

The particular focus and priorities of Defence research activity is classified and cannot be released for National Security reasons.

I refer the hon. Member to the answer I provided on 12 February 2026 to Question 110957.

As I hope the hon. Member will understand, due to operational and commercial sensitivities I am unable to provide any further detail on Project Goldweed.

I refer the hon. Member to the answer I provided on 12 February 2026 to Question 110957.

As I hope the hon. Member will understand, due to operational and commercial sensitivities I am unable to provide any further detail on Project Goldweed.

The decision has already been taken to dispose of Ministry of Defence Chicksands when it becomes surplus to military requirement, as announced by the previous administration in December 2023.

The calibre of this artillery ammunition cannot be detailed due to operational sensitives.

The RAF is able to provide an estimated cost of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and Power to Liquid (PtL) fuel in accordance with the SAF mandate for each year up to 2040; however, these figures are subject to fluctuation. Costs are currently based on the trading of SAF certificates which are, at market average, £3.30 per litre for conventional SAF and estimated at approximately £4.00 per litre for PtL when the PtL Obligation is introduced in 2028.

The below figures are based on an annual fuel consumption of 250 million litres per annum. This does not include operational flying activity which is dependent on operational tempo and external factors that are difficult to accurately predict.

The estimated market cost sits below the buyout ceiling, which is the per-litre penalty cost at which non-compliance with the mandate is charged. Therefore, column F is indicative of the overall cost of fuel purchase under the SAF mandate inclusive of penalty costs were the RAF unable to meet the mandate targets.

Department for Transport analysis predicts that by 2040, the domestic SAF position will have matured and there is potential for SAF to be purchased at £1.20 per litre. Should this be the case, the figures in the above table would be greatly reduced.

I refer the hon. Member to the response to Question 98877 provided on 18 December 2026.

There is no specific policy that requires this Government to withhold the number of United States personnel based within the UK, however as previously advised we are withholding this information in the interest of personal security. The number of United States personnel at United States Visiting Forces (USVF) sites was disclosed in 2024, however, we are in a new era of threat that remains more serious and less predictable.

The LGBT Financial Recognition Scheme (FRS) was designed to address the broadest range of experiences possible to ensure the inclusion of, and a sense of closure for, all affected by the Ban. There are therefore two types of payment available under the FRS.

Those who were dismissed or administratively discharged from Service because of their actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity are able to apply for the Dismissed and Discharged Payment.

Those who felt or experienced pressure to resign after being questioned, investigated or otherwise subject to other unacceptable experiences are able to apply instead for the Impact Payment. Applications for the Impact Payment are determined by the Independent Panel, which is able to consider all the available evidence, including the veteran's testimony, and award a payment based on the severity of the impact the applicant experienced.

There are three civil servants in the role of HR Director operating across the Ministry of Defence, including Arm’s-Length Bodies. All these hold qualifications from the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.

I can confirm the US War Department does not own any Defence sites in the United Kingdom.

The continued presence of United States (US) military forces in the UK forms an important part of the US’ on-going wider commitment to NATO and the security of Europe. The US Department of War (DoW) does not own military sites, military land, or military buildings in Britian and therefore there is no associated financial benefit.

In accordance with the 1973 Cost Sharing Arrangement, the US DoW is responsible for bearing the cost for the operational running of the bases it occupies such as utilities, as well as any development in support of its forces at those locations.

The Ministry of Defence (MOD) has not formally evaluated the economic benefit to the UK of the United States Visiting Forces (USVF) and therefore a verified financial estimate is not available. The continued presence of United States military forces in the UK forms an important part of the United States’ on-going wider commitment to NATO and the security of Europe.

The influence a USVF base will have on the economic development of nearby communities will depend on its location, base size, operational tempo and local context. The presence of a USVF base in the community creates both direct and indirect employment, and opportunities for local businesses and landlords to make commercial arrangements with members of the visiting forces.

I refer the hon. Member to the Government's response to the Urgent Question tabled on 12 February, and the Written Ministerial Statement in the name of the Chief Secretary to the Prime Minister that same day, which set out an update on the Government's process. We will set out further details in due course. The Government wishes to ensure that Parliament’s instruction is met with the urgency and transparency that it deserves.

The deliverables for the State Visit were developed and negotiated through a comprehensive cross-Government process. Press releases detailing those deliverables can be found on gov.uk.

Both Germany and the UK have agreed to a minor baseline modification to ensure the platform meets a common standard that satisfies each nation’s requirements. Following this, each nation will integrate its own national communications systems and secondary self-protection weapon.

I refer the hon. Member to the answer I gave him on 28 January 2026 to Question 107227 which remains extant.

https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-questions/detail/2026-01-20/107227

I refer the hon. Member to the response to Question 108598 provided on 4 February 2026.

https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-questions/detail/2026-01-27/108598

Project GRAYBURN is currently in the concept phase with the aim of identifying and understanding requirements. As part of this phase, a disposal plan is under consideration. Due to the current phase of the project and commercial sensitivities, I am unable to provide further detail at this stage.

The Ministry of Defence (MOD) recognises that high‑quality Single Living Accommodation (SLA) is essential to the welfare, retention and operational readiness of our Armed Forces personnel.

The SLA and Overseas Accommodation Review launched earlier this year is focused on identifying recommendations to enhance SLA, which will inform future investments.

All Front-Line Commands have prioritised SLA condition, reinforced by proactive senior leadership engagement, and have plans to eliminate their worst accommodation. Improving the standard of SLA remains a key priority.

The MOD has provided new and refurbished single rooms using a common design and modular off-site construction aiming to reduce build-times and deliver value for money. Their energy-efficient designs minimise operational energy consumption and running costs as well as enhancing the lived experience and thermal comfort.

Under Project BRAKESTOP, 11 contracts have been placed covering development and production of prototype effectors, a bespoke warhead, test ranges and other ancillary services such as transportation and storage.

The entities with which these contracts have been placed cannot be named at this stage due to commercial sensitivities.

Under Project BRAKESTOP, 11 contracts have been placed covering development and production of prototype effectors, a bespoke warhead, test ranges and other ancillary services such as transportation and storage. Some of these contracts have been extended as necessary to support the project’s activities.

The Dismounted Data System (DDS) delivers reconnaissance and intelligence data to troops far faster than legacy systems, giving commanders quicker and more accurate information.

It provides realtime clarity on friendly and enemy positions, reducing misidentification and the risk of friendly fire. This capability underpins the modernisation of the Army’s light role forces, allowing us to take advantage of technological developments, including the use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to counter threats to our personnel.

The new ballistic missiles developed under Project Nightfall are intended to provide Ukraine with a long range-capability to counter Russian aggression as rapidly as possible. Decisions on the UK's precision strike capabilities will be prioritised appropriately against the threat as part of the future Integrated Force and set out in the Defence Investment Plan to be published this year.

The Ministry of Defence (MOD) is expanding its communications to better reach those with unclaimed pensions, developing new online materials specifically aimed at deferred members who have not yet submitted a claim.

The Defence contribution to the National Pensions Dashboards Programme will provide members with a single, secure online platform where they can view all their pension information. The dashboards will help reunite individuals with forgotten or previously unclaimed pensions by making their entitlements visible and easy to access at a time convenient to them.

Alongside the 60‑day tracing activity conducted when a pension becomes due, the MOD intends to introduce a second tracing exercise approximately one year after the initial attempt for any pensions that remain unclaimed. In addition, the MOD plans to carry out a wider tracing exercise covering all existing unclaimed pensions. These improvements will create repeated opportunities to locate members whose circumstances or contact information may have changed over time.

Together, these measures form an expanding and proactive approach designed to ensure that every individual who has earned pension benefits through service in the Armed Forces is able to be located and supported to claim them.

Secret Community Cloud capability will continue to be delivered on a phased basis, with Full Operating Capability expected in Autumn 2026.

148 Challenger 2 Main Battle Tanks are being upgraded to the Challenger 3 standard. All 148 are for the Royal Armoured Corps.

148 Challenger 2 Main Battle Tanks are being upgraded to the Challenger 3 standard. All 148 are for the Royal Armoured Corps.

I refer the hon. Member to the Government's response to the Urgent Question tabled on 12 February, and the Written Ministerial Statement in the name of the Chief Secretary to the Prime Minister that same day, which set out an update on the Government's process. We will set out further details in due course. The Government wishes to ensure that Parliament’s instruction is met with the urgency and transparency that it deserves.

The British Army continues to revolutionise its fighting capabilities, improving their range, persistence, precision and mass. The ability of our Armed Forces to counter the threat of highly developed uncrewed air systems is of vital importance, as is learning from ongoing conflicts as well as independent first-principle thinking.

The Army is considering several ground-based countermeasures to address the threat posed by uncrewed air systems as part of work looking into future capabilities.

Details of central Government contracts above £12,000 for procurements commenced before 24 February 2025 are published on Contracts Finder. Contracts procured under the Procurement Act 2023, which came into force on 24 February 2025, are published on the Central Digital Platform Find a Tender service. The details published online include whether each contract was let through competitive tendering or via direct award.

The information requested is shown below.

Where available, costs for the three Service Police forces for each Financial Year (FY) since 2015 are shown in the folloing tables.

Royal Navy:

British Army:

Royal Air Force:

Notes:

Under UK Financial Regulations the Ministry of Defence is not obliged to hold financial data for more than seven years.

Changes to the budgetary arrangements used by the Services over time preclude the provision of data for some earlier years.

The information requested is shown below.

Where available, costs for the three Service Police forces for each Financial Year (FY) since 2015 are shown in the folloing tables.

Royal Navy:

British Army:

Royal Air Force:

Notes:

Under UK Financial Regulations the Ministry of Defence is not obliged to hold financial data for more than seven years.

Changes to the budgetary arrangements used by the Services over time preclude the provision of data for some earlier years.

It is usual Ministry of Defence policy not to comment on the individual HR status of individual employees. I provided an update to the House saying that the Ajax SRO was no longer in his current role. Given the situation it would not be appropriate for me to comment further at this time.

The Proteus Rotary Wing Uncrewed Air System has been designed and built to unlock the potential of uncrewed aerial systems, operating them side-by-side with crewed aircraft in a future ‘hybrid air wing’, and supporting future anti-submarine operations under the Atlantic Bastion strategy. The Proteus Technology Demonstrator is being developed by Leonardo under a £60 million programme supporting 100 highly-skilled British jobs.

Procurement decisions, including for the New Medium Helicopter contract, will be made in the Defence Investment Plan (DIP). The Department is working flat out to deliver the DIP, which will be published as soon as possible. It is backed by the Government’s largest sustained increase in defence investment since the end of the Cold War, spending £270 billion on defence in this Parliament alone.

The Proteus Rotary Wing Uncrewed Air System has been designed and built to unlock the potential of uncrewed aerial systems, operating them side-by-side with crewed aircraft in a future ‘hybrid air wing’, and supporting future anti-submarine operations under the Atlantic Bastion strategy. The Proteus Technology Demonstrator is being developed by Leonardo under a £60 million programme supporting 100 highly-skilled British jobs.

Procurement decisions, including for the New Medium Helicopter contract, will be made in the Defence Investment Plan (DIP). The Department is working flat out to deliver the DIP, which will be published as soon as possible. It is backed by the Government’s largest sustained increase in defence investment since the end of the Cold War, spending £270 billion on defence in this Parliament alone.

Defence’s transition to a skills‑based organisation is driven by the Pan‑Defence Skills Framework (PDSF). PDSF provides a single, governed set of skills that enables objective capability assessment and establishes a common language for identifying, defining, and managing skills. All personnel, both Service and civilian, will be required to record their PDSF Skills Profile, the utilisation of which will reduce gender bias, improve transparency, and create clearer, fairer pathways for progression.

Career progression and workforce decisions will rely on objective assessment of skills and demonstration of leadership behaviours. This ensures that women can compete on a level platform at every career stage, provides a strong mechanism for their retention and increases the number of women progressing into senior leadership roles. It also reinforces gender-focused initiatives, such as mentoring, and targeted leadership development to broaden competition for roles.

Building on the PDSF, the Defence Skills Passport will support more flexible movement between roles across Defence, enabling women to continue progressing without leaving the organisation. Future workforce insights tools will help Defence better identify and address gender disparities, strengthening the pipeline of women into senior leadership roles. Together, these measures strengthen the environment in which servicewomen can thrive, remain in Defence for longer, and progress into senior posts.

The UK–US intelligence relationship is one of the closest in the world, built primarily on the longstanding UK-USA Agreement and our Five Eyes partnership, reinforced by our network of bilateral defence and security arrangements. Any details on US intelligence personnel are classified. It is government practice not to disclose any information regarding personnel working in intelligence roles to protect national security.

All 589 Ajax family vehicles will reach Capability Drop 4 by September 2029 as contracted, subject to reviews that are ongoing.

All 589 Ajax family vehicles will reach Capability Drop 4 by September 2029 as contracted, subject to reviews that are ongoing.

The Ministry of Defence followed all required approvals processes ahead of signing the Enterprise Agreement with Palantir on 30 December 2025. This included HM Treasury, Cabinet Office and Department for Science, Innovation and Technology.

All necessary commercial and financial scrutiny was completed before the Department entered into the agreement.

The £240,600,000 cost of the Palantir Enterprise Agreement signed on 30 December 2025 falls within the Department’s existing delegated budgets for the next three financial years. No separate HM Treasury approval was required, and the Agreement was funded through the Ministry of Defence’s established financial planning and governance processes.