Found: Heriot -Watt University, presenting on Mathematical modelling for species conservation: protecting red squirrels

Mentions:
1: None One species programme that we are closely involved in is the saving Scotland’s red squirrels programme - Speech Link

S6W-19614

Asked by: Smyth, Colin (Scottish Labour - South Scotland)

Question

To ask the Scottish Government what provisions Forestry and Land Scotland makes to ensure that red squirrel habitat remains connected and populations maintain long-term viability in relation to commercial felling and the premature felling of areas due to tree disease.

Answered by Gougeon, Mairi - Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs, Land Reform and Islands

Forestry and Land Scotland (FLS) take the protection of priority species within our woodlands, such as red squirrels, very seriously, and when appropriate conduct our operations out with the Red Squirrel breeding season to avoid any disturbance.

Forestry and Land Scotland take into account the survey, forest design and operational planning practices set out in Guidance note 33: Forest operations and red squirrels in Scottish forests published by Scottish Forestry to ensure that red squirrel habitat remains connected, and populations maintain long-term viability.

We have rigorous planning systems, checks and procedures with accompanying guidance in place to ensure all regulations to protect species are followed. Our work plan process and site survey methodology ensure that these procedures are followed and appropriate mitigation action taken where necessary.

We adhere to the industry guidance set by the Scottish Government forestry regulator, Scottish Forestry, and where necessary apply for and follow the species licencing process regulated by NatureScot. In the latter case we are recognised as a trusted and competent land manager and have an agreed licencing process in place that reflects that recognition.

Where possible trees with dreys are marked and retained on site during thinning operations, but locating all active dreys has been shown to be impracticable. Recent studies have shown that red squirrel use several dreys in any territory, readily move when operations begin in a woodland, and can build a new drey within a short period of time.

Machine operators are instructed to be alert for drey structures and to delay felling trees with suspected dreys. Machine operators are to contact the FLS Environment Forester or Ranger if a suspected drey structure is identified.

Where practicable FLS maintain the connectivity with adjacent mature crops as long as possible during the operation and plan the direction of operations such that squirrels can disperse into adjacent crops. At a landscape level FLS retain the richest red squirrel habitat, encourage the establishment of a range of seed bearing tree species and ages, but avoid planting of large-seeded broadleaves within strongholds to prevent conferring a competitive benefit on grey squirrels.

In stands where large-scale felling for the management of tree diseases is required longer-term retention of tree species unaffected by disease is designed where possible into the stand. All stands are managed under the principles of sustainable forest management and regulated by Scottish Forestry through the UK Forestry Standard.

A recent study published in Forest Ecology and Management show that red squirrel breeding activity continued with no detectable impact of forest operations. Red squirrel population density was also higher after thinning operations. Both are indications that UKFS compliant woodland management is overall beneficial in medium to long term for red squirrel populations.

S6W-18127

Asked by: Smyth, Colin (Scottish Labour - South Scotland)

Question

To ask the Scottish Government how many (a) red squirrels were killed and (b) red squirrel dreys were disturbed during the breeding season as a result of commercial forestry operations, in each year since derogated licensing provisions were granted by NatureScot to Forestry and Land Scotland.

Answered by Gougeon, Mairi - Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs, Land Reform and Islands

There are no records of adult squirrels being killed by forest operations on Scotland's national forests and land.

The estimated number of squirrels disturbed during the breeding season by forest operations on Scotland's national forests and land is as follows: