Speeches made during Parliamentary debates are recorded in Hansard. For ease of browsing we have grouped debates into individual, departmental and legislative categories.
These initiatives were driven by Lord Moylan, and are more likely to reflect personal policy preferences.
MPs who are act as Ministers or Shadow Ministers are generally restricted from performing Commons initiatives other than Urgent Questions.
Lord Moylan has not been granted any Urgent Questions
Lord Moylan has not been granted any Adjournment Debates
Lord Moylan has not introduced any legislation before Parliament
Lord Moylan has not co-sponsored any Bills in the current parliamentary sitting
The Government has noted the EU’s announcement on the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. In line with the provisions in Article 13(4) of the Protocol, as an act that falls within the scope of the Protocol, but which neither amends nor replaces a Union act listed in the Annexes to this Protocol, it is a matter for the Joint Committee to determine whether it should apply in Northern Ireland. The EU has informed the UK of its proposal, as required by the Protocol, and we will carefully consider its impact on Northern Ireland and the UK’s internal market, ahead of future discussions in the Joint Committee.
The UK has taken forward extensive work on and invested substantial sums in the operation of the Protocol since the beginning of the year. The total spend on the Trader Support Service through to May 2021 is £125m. In procuring the contract, the UK Government committed over £200m in trader support through the service, and as it stands the forecast is for around £360m in support over the full two years to the end of 2022.
Since launching in December 2020, the MAS has supported over 140 businesses with the cost of more than 11,400 certificates; the scheme is now confirmed to run until at least December 2023. We have already spent £25 million on the Digital Assistance Scheme and the forecast is that total spend in this area could run to up to £150 million.
There are weaknesses in the current business model of the construction sector, with low margins and a high level of reliance on subcontracting, which have contributed to poor productivity compared to other sectors. The Government is working with the construction industry to address these issues, including by investing £420m through the Transforming Construction Challenge in the development and commercialisation of innovations that will improve the productivity, profitability, and sustainability of the industry. The Government has also published the Construction Playbook, which sets the objective of ensuring that the industry can make a fair profit on work undertaken, through a more strategic and collaborative approach to contracting and working with the industry. This will strengthen the financial position of firms in the industry, and incentivise investment by firms to improve their performance.
The Royal Parks charity manages Hyde Park on behalf of HM Government, and is responsible for decision-making about operational matters.
This is an operational matter for The Royal Parks. We understand, however, that South Carriage Drive has been closed since March 2020 as part of a trial to reduce through traffic in Hyde Park. Whilst the original trial was focused on weekend restrictions, the road has also been closed for safety reasons on weekdays during this period due to the introduction of a temporary cycle path, immediately outside the park, by Transport for London.
We understand that The Royal Parks is currently assessing evidence of the trial on the weekend restrictions, and plans to make an announcement about the closure later this year.
We want all higher education students, regardless of their background, to benefit from high quality, world-leading higher education. The letter of 8 February from my right hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Education, sets out guidance to the Office for Students as the regulator for higher education, and strategic priorities for the next year and beyond. One of our highest priorities and an important manifesto commitment is to drive up quality and standards in higher education, which is a fundamental part of the levelling up agenda.
The letter of 8 February supports the Office for Students’s consultation on regulating quality and standards, which aims to introduce a more rigorous and effective quality regime and to raise the bar on quality and standards in higher education. The Office for Students has concluded the first stage of its consultation. The Office for Students will shortly consult on the detail of how the quality and standards framework will work, including on how it will identify and take action against poor quality provision.
The government has made it clear that we expect the Office for Students to make rapid progress to ensure that an enhanced regulatory regime is in place, supported by effective and meaningful enforcement action, as soon as possible.
The Department is currently developing a framework to help local authorities monitor and evaluate the schemes that they will be delivering through tranche two of the Active Travel Fund. They will be asked to consider, among other things, congestion impacts before and after scheme implementation. All local authorities are required to consult with emergency services on changes to road layouts that require Traffic Regulation Orders as set out in the statutory guidance, and as a condition of funding for schemes delivered through the Active Travel Fund.
11 different companies are operating across the live trial areas. These are: Ginger, Spin, Lime, Beryl, Tier, Zwings, Voi, Bird, Neuron, Zipp, and Wind.
Many of these companies have their own model of scooter which meets the minimum requirements set by the Department. Trials include both short- and long-term rental. The range of trial areas provide a diverse range of local environments in which to assess e-scooter use.
The key areas we are seeking evidence of are the safety of e-scooters, what mode shift they cause, and what impacts they have on other road users. There is no minimum number of operators who need to participate in trials to assess this, but we will additionally seek to learn and share lessons on how different e-scooter providers operate.
The local authorities hosting the trials have selected the operators they wish to work with. They have undertaken their own procurement processes, ensuring that the operators meet both the Department’s and their own requirements for the trial. We have set out these requirements in our guidance for local authorities and have only approved trials where these are met. The requirements include that the operator has geofencing and driving licence checks in place, that local areas have engaged with local police and disability groups, and that data generated will be shared with the Department.
Many of the operators are going beyond these minimum requirements, including providing free helmets to users and offering online or in-person training to use the scooters.
11 different companies are operating across the live trial areas. These are: Ginger, Spin, Lime, Beryl, Tier, Zwings, Voi, Bird, Neuron, Zipp, and Wind.
Many of these companies have their own model of scooter which meets the minimum requirements set by the Department. Trials include both short- and long-term rental. The range of trial areas provide a diverse range of local environments in which to assess e-scooter use.
The key areas we are seeking evidence of are the safety of e-scooters, what mode shift they cause, and what impacts they have on other road users. There is no minimum number of operators who need to participate in trials to assess this, but we will additionally seek to learn and share lessons on how different e-scooter providers operate.
The local authorities hosting the trials have selected the operators they wish to work with. They have undertaken their own procurement processes, ensuring that the operators meet both the Department’s and their own requirements for the trial. We have set out these requirements in our guidance for local authorities and have only approved trials where these are met. The requirements include that the operator has geofencing and driving licence checks in place, that local areas have engaged with local police and disability groups, and that data generated will be shared with the Department.
Many of the operators are going beyond these minimum requirements, including providing free helmets to users and offering online or in-person training to use the scooters.
11 different companies are operating across the live trial areas. These are: Ginger, Spin, Lime, Beryl, Tier, Zwings, Voi, Bird, Neuron, Zipp, and Wind.
Many of these companies have their own model of scooter which meets the minimum requirements set by the Department. Trials include both short- and long-term rental. The range of trial areas provide a diverse range of local environments in which to assess e-scooter use.
The key areas we are seeking evidence of are the safety of e-scooters, what mode shift they cause, and what impacts they have on other road users. There is no minimum number of operators who need to participate in trials to assess this, but we will additionally seek to learn and share lessons on how different e-scooter providers operate.
The local authorities hosting the trials have selected the operators they wish to work with. They have undertaken their own procurement processes, ensuring that the operators meet both the Department’s and their own requirements for the trial. We have set out these requirements in our guidance for local authorities and have only approved trials where these are met. The requirements include that the operator has geofencing and driving licence checks in place, that local areas have engaged with local police and disability groups, and that data generated will be shared with the Department.
Many of the operators are going beyond these minimum requirements, including providing free helmets to users and offering online or in-person training to use the scooters.
11 different companies are operating across the live trial areas. These are: Ginger, Spin, Lime, Beryl, Tier, Zwings, Voi, Bird, Neuron, Zipp, and Wind.
Many of these companies have their own model of scooter which meets the minimum requirements set by the Department. Trials include both short- and long-term rental. The range of trial areas provide a diverse range of local environments in which to assess e-scooter use.
The key areas we are seeking evidence of are the safety of e-scooters, what mode shift they cause, and what impacts they have on other road users. There is no minimum number of operators who need to participate in trials to assess this, but we will additionally seek to learn and share lessons on how different e-scooter providers operate.
The local authorities hosting the trials have selected the operators they wish to work with. They have undertaken their own procurement processes, ensuring that the operators meet both the Department’s and their own requirements for the trial. We have set out these requirements in our guidance for local authorities and have only approved trials where these are met. The requirements include that the operator has geofencing and driving licence checks in place, that local areas have engaged with local police and disability groups, and that data generated will be shared with the Department.
Many of the operators are going beyond these minimum requirements, including providing free helmets to users and offering online or in-person training to use the scooters.
Following an open tender process, King’s College London (KCL) was appointed to undertake testing of a range of products to support the investigation into potential breaches of the prohibition of characterising flavours in tobacco products. KCL’s bid stated that they intended to subcontract the laboratory testing stage to Roswell Park, a world-leading tobacco research and testing institute.
The Office for Health Improvement and Disparities continues to work with KCL to ensure that all cigarette brands sent to Roswell Park for analytic destructive testing are exported in compliance with regulations. We expect outcomes from the testing to be available by the end of March 2022.
Following an open tender process, King’s College London (KCL) was appointed to undertake testing of a range of products to support the investigation into potential breaches of the prohibition of characterising flavours in tobacco products. KCL’s bid stated that they intended to subcontract the laboratory testing stage to Roswell Park, a world-leading tobacco research and testing institute.
The Office for Health Improvement and Disparities continues to work with KCL to ensure that all cigarette brands sent to Roswell Park for analytic destructive testing are exported in compliance with regulations. We expect outcomes from the testing to be available by the end of March 2022.
National Clinical Audit and Patient Outcomes Programme audits on National Health Service healthcare services in England are commissioned and managed by the independent Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership on behalf of NHS England. It is a requirement of the NHS standard contract in England that all providers of NHS care in England participate in the programme which supports trusts in identifying necessary improvements for patients. Most of the audits involve services in England and Wales. Some also include services from Scotland and Northern Ireland.
Public Health England had not been requested to research and publish detailed specific data on the numbers of COVID-19 cases related to place of worship and allied settings on outbreak investigation. This is now being performed.
The UK remains concerned about the human rights situation in Zimbabwe, including arrests of, and violence towards, civil society and opposition activists. The British Embassy in Harare is in touch with Makomborero Haruzivishe's lawyers as we await the outcome of his appeal.
The UK regularly urges the Zimbabwean Government to meet its international and domestic obligations by respecting the rule of law and the freedoms and rights enshrined in the Zimbabwean Constitution, safeguarding human rights, and committing to genuine political and economic reform for the benefit of all Zimbabweans. The Minister for Africa most recently raised the human rights situation in Zimbabwe with Foreign Minister Shava on 9 June. We will continue to speak out, both privately and in public, where we have concerns, and work alongside the international community to support a better future for all Zimbabweans.
Our High Commissioner to Uganda has met Robert Kyagulanyi on a number of occasions and discussed our concern over human rights and democratic reform. We will continue to meet with Robert Kyagulanyi, but Kampala is a more likely location.
The British passport’s electronic chip has been extensively tested to ensure its durability throughout the lifetime of the passport. Additionally, each passport’s electronic chip is assessed as part of the personalisation process.
A passport chip inspection may fail at the Border for several reasons. If a fault is identified with an electronic chip that was assessed to have been present when the passport was issued, then it will be replaced at no additional cost.
The Undercover Policing Inquiry was established in 2015, to investigate undercover deployments conducted by police forces in England and Wales since 1968 and was expected to report within three years.
In May 2018, the Undercover Policing Inquiry published a Strategic Review which anticipated that the Inquiry would begin evidence hearings in June 2019 and that it would report to the Home Secretary before the end of 2023. In January 2019 the Inquiry published an update which explained that several issues, such as the significant complexity of documents and the difficulties presented by issues such as privacy and data protection, had led to a fresh look at the timelines. Evidence hearings subsequently began in November 2020 and will continue in 2021.
The Terms of Reference state the Inquiry will report to the Home Secretary as soon as practicable. It is important that the Inquiry gets to the truth and makes meaningful recommendations for the future. The Inquiry remains independent of the Home Office, which is crucial to its effectiveness and so, decisions and conduct in relation to the investigations are for the Inquiry to make.
The Inquiry cost, to the end of September 2020, is £32,286,400; this information is published by the Inquiry every quarter on its website. The Government is committed to giving the Inquiry the resources it needs to fulfil its important function of getting to the truth, exposing what has gone wrong in the past, and learning lessons for the future.
It is difficult to provide an expected final cost of the Inquiry at this stage, but this will be published in full, at the close of the Inquiry.
In November 2020, a £30 million ringfenced Compliance and Enforcement Grant was allocated to all district and unitary authorities in England to spend on COVID-19 compliance and enforcement related activities. In January 2021 MHCLG issued an activity and spend survey to all councils in receipt of the grant. The responses from this informed a review of how the grant was being utilised.
The Department have no plans to release the findings of the three-month review. Information was provided in confidence by local authorities during the grant period to support the development of Government policy. The information gathered as part of the review was used to inform successive iterations of the ‘Local authority COVID-19 compliance and enforcement good practice framework’, (attached) which was archived on 19 July 2021 but it still available for reference.
On 8 October, the Government allocated £30 million to local authorities in England to help them fund their Covid-19 compliance and enforcement work. There will be a three month review of the spending of that grant. Government's regular engagement with local authorities indicates they are working hard to help people comply with the rules, in partnership other local agencies such as the police.
Homes England’s strategic objectives include helping small builders grow into medium builders and to encourage new entrants into the market. The Home Building Fund specifically focuses on supporting SME builders who are unable to access suitable finance in the marketplace. It does this by providing development finance direct, as well as through lender frameworks designed to encourage and enhance the supply of liquidity in the market to the SME builder.
In addition, Homes England looks to ensure SMEs can access land through its Land Hub, and the agency’s standard building lease sets out a legal obligation for a proportion of homes to be built out by SMEs or Registered Providers.
Work to replace the current Delivery Partner Panel (DPP3) is focused on diversifying the housing market and increasing SME access to public land opportunities, in line with the agency’s strategic objectives.
Following a decision by the Deputy Prime Minister last year, there will now be greater scrutiny of Parole Board recommendations on open prison moves. The test for considering a recommendation for open conditions for Indeterminate Sentence Prisoners (ISPs) will change, and I will write to the noble Lord in due course to provide an update.
Our primary responsibility is to protect the public and it remains the case that the independent Parole Board will grant those serving indeterminate sentences release only once they have demonstrated they will no longer pose a significant risk to the public.
The IPP Action Plan is regularly reviewed to ensure that it is responsive to the needs of those serving IPP sentences, whether in prison or in the community. During the COVID-19 pandemic, and in accordance with measures mandated in the interests of public health, HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) implemented exceptional delivery models which inevitably had some impact on all operational work. A large number of IPP prisoners have been released each year since the IPP Action Plan was first introduced in 2016, and the Plan will be refreshed, reviewed and republished after careful consideration of the forthcoming Justice Select Committee’s Report and recommendations.
HL7157 & HL7158:
HMPPS operate four Progression Regimes in closed, adult male category C prisons which provide opportunities for parole-eligible prisoners who are not making anticipated progress, and particularly prioritise places for those serving an IPP sentence. The first Progression Regime opened at HMP Warren Hill in December 2014. Following the success of the Regime at HMP Warren Hill, a further three Progression Regimes were opened in 2018 at HMP The Humber, Erlestoke and Buckley Hall.
The following table shows the number of prisoners in England and Wales subject to Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences that have been (1) received into, and (2) released from, Progression Regimes in each year since 2017.
Year | Received onto a Progression Regimes | Release from a Progression Regime |
2017 | 80 | 47 |
2018* | 124 | 30 |
2019 | 119 | 43 |
2020 | 92 | 43 |
2021 | 80 | 44 |
* Progression Regimes opened at HMPs Erlestoke, Humber and Buckley Hall.
These data have been drawn from local spreadsheets and databases held by the Progression Regimes, as national data systems can only capture movement for a whole prison, rather than individual units within a prison. As with any large scale recording systems, the figures are subject to possible errors with data migration and processing.
The total capacity of the Progression Regimes was 202 in 2017, with only the Progression Regime at HMP Warren Hill operational at that time. This number rose to 350 spaces (202 in HMP Warren Hill, 40 in HMP Erlestoke, 48 in HMP Humber and 60 in HMP Buckley Hall) with the opening of the three additional Progression Regime sites by the end of 2018. In 2019 a further 40 places were opened in HMP Erlestoke, however last year one of their Progression Regime units closed, affecting their number of places. This unit is being replaced with a new one later this year.
HL7160:
Psychology reviews for IPP prisoners commenced in 2016 and targeted those serving IPP sentences where no progress had been made to either open conditions or release despite 2 or more post tariff parole reviews. In 2019, the cohort was widened to incorporate IPP prisoners with tariffs of fewerless than 2 years. In 2021, the cohort was again expanded to include all those 5 or more years post tariff irrespective of whether they had been to open prison previously, those serving IPP sentences for non-sexual and non-violent offences, and those serving IPP sentences for robbery.
The following table shows the number of IPP psychology reviews completed for eligible IPP prisoners, as described above, each year since 2016. The high figure in 2016 reflects the fact that a large proportion of those eligible had their reviews in the first year the central reviews were introduced:
Year | Reviews completed |
2016 | 873 |
2017 | 209 |
2018 | 225 |
2019 | 159 |
2020 | 107 |
2021 | 212 |
HL7161:
HMPPS Women’s Estate Psychology Services have implemented an indeterminate sentence prisoners strategy which includes the IPP cohort. The overarching goal of the strategy is to ensure that all are supported to progress through their prison sentences as quickly as possible. Psychologists regularly review cases and work with prison and probation colleagues to remove barriers to progression and expedite completion of interventions and services.
HL7216:
The following table shows the number of prisoners subject to IPP sentences that have had two or more post-tariff parole reviews with no progression to (1) open conditions, or (2) release, in each year since 2017:
Snapshot Date | Total number of IPP prisoners with two or more “no release” decisions in their latest two reviews (up to the snapshot date)* |
31-Dec-17 | 1,173 |
31-Dec-18 | 1,028 |
31-Dec-19 | 943 |
31-Dec-20 | 887 |
31-Dec-21 | 874 |
*Caveats:
1. The figures in these tables have been drawn from administrative IT systems which, as with any large scale recording system, are subject to possible errors with data entry and processing.
2. These figures include both the recalled and unreleased IPP populations.
HL7217 & HL7218:
The following data are produced from service provider returns and, whilst quality assured, are subject to reporter error. As of 31 December 2021 there were 4,869 people with IPP sentences who had been identified as meeting the screening criteria for the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway. OPD pathway screening is an administrative activity which does not necessarily mean someone needs a specific intervention to address a personality disorder. Such a need would be identified when the prisoner’s probation officer reviews the prisoner’s sentence plan to take account of the OPD pathway screening.
Of those identified as meeting the screening criteria, 2,780 are currently in custody (with 1,200 of these in custody on recall).
From 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2021, a total of 1,892 offenders serving IPP sentences have been referred to OPD Services as follows:
Year of referral | No of IPP Referrals |
2017 | 177 |
2018 | 221 |
2019 | 358 |
2020 | 517 |
2021 | 619 |
Total (2017-2021) | 1892 |
To note: in the breakdown of protected characteristics below, some categories have been merged where necessary to avoid the risk of identifying individual offenders.
By Age:
Year of referral | 18-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Total |
2017 | 11 | 72 | 53 | 33 | 8 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 94 | 66 | 44 | 10 | 221 |
2019 | 17 | 159 | 99 | 61 | 22 | 358 |
2020 | 19 | 238 | 150 | 86 | 24 | 517 |
2021 | 22 | 276 | 184 | 101 | 36 | 619 |
Total | 76 | 839 | 552 | 325 | 100 | 1892 |
By Ethnicity:
Year of referral | Asian: Asian British | Black: Black British | Mixed/ Multiple Ethnic Groups | Other / Not Stated | White | Total |
2017 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 0 | 144 | 177 |
2018 | 4 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 182 | 221 |
2019 | 15 | 41 | 6 | 1 | 295 | 358 |
2020 | 14 | 57 | 24 | 0 | 422 | 517 |
2021 | 12 | 63 | 32 | 7 | 505 | 619 |
Total | 53 | 197 | 86 | 8 | 1548 | 1892 |
By Sex:
Year of referral | Female | Male | Unspecified | Total |
2017 | 3 | 174 | 0 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 214 | 0 | 221 |
2019 | 11 | 347 | 0 | 358 |
2020 | 27 | 490 | 0 | 517 |
2021 | 39 | 577 | 3 | 619 |
Total | 87 | 1802 | 3 | 1892 |
The IPP Action Plan is regularly reviewed to ensure that it is responsive to the needs of those serving IPP sentences, whether in prison or in the community. During the COVID-19 pandemic, and in accordance with measures mandated in the interests of public health, HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) implemented exceptional delivery models which inevitably had some impact on all operational work. A large number of IPP prisoners have been released each year since the IPP Action Plan was first introduced in 2016, and the Plan will be refreshed, reviewed and republished after careful consideration of the forthcoming Justice Select Committee’s Report and recommendations.
HL7157 & HL7158:
HMPPS operate four Progression Regimes in closed, adult male category C prisons which provide opportunities for parole-eligible prisoners who are not making anticipated progress, and particularly prioritise places for those serving an IPP sentence. The first Progression Regime opened at HMP Warren Hill in December 2014. Following the success of the Regime at HMP Warren Hill, a further three Progression Regimes were opened in 2018 at HMP The Humber, Erlestoke and Buckley Hall.
The following table shows the number of prisoners in England and Wales subject to Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences that have been (1) received into, and (2) released from, Progression Regimes in each year since 2017.
Year | Received onto a Progression Regimes | Release from a Progression Regime |
2017 | 80 | 47 |
2018* | 124 | 30 |
2019 | 119 | 43 |
2020 | 92 | 43 |
2021 | 80 | 44 |
* Progression Regimes opened at HMPs Erlestoke, Humber and Buckley Hall.
These data have been drawn from local spreadsheets and databases held by the Progression Regimes, as national data systems can only capture movement for a whole prison, rather than individual units within a prison. As with any large scale recording systems, the figures are subject to possible errors with data migration and processing.
The total capacity of the Progression Regimes was 202 in 2017, with only the Progression Regime at HMP Warren Hill operational at that time. This number rose to 350 spaces (202 in HMP Warren Hill, 40 in HMP Erlestoke, 48 in HMP Humber and 60 in HMP Buckley Hall) with the opening of the three additional Progression Regime sites by the end of 2018. In 2019 a further 40 places were opened in HMP Erlestoke, however last year one of their Progression Regime units closed, affecting their number of places. This unit is being replaced with a new one later this year.
HL7160:
Psychology reviews for IPP prisoners commenced in 2016 and targeted those serving IPP sentences where no progress had been made to either open conditions or release despite 2 or more post tariff parole reviews. In 2019, the cohort was widened to incorporate IPP prisoners with tariffs of fewerless than 2 years. In 2021, the cohort was again expanded to include all those 5 or more years post tariff irrespective of whether they had been to open prison previously, those serving IPP sentences for non-sexual and non-violent offences, and those serving IPP sentences for robbery.
The following table shows the number of IPP psychology reviews completed for eligible IPP prisoners, as described above, each year since 2016. The high figure in 2016 reflects the fact that a large proportion of those eligible had their reviews in the first year the central reviews were introduced:
Year | Reviews completed |
2016 | 873 |
2017 | 209 |
2018 | 225 |
2019 | 159 |
2020 | 107 |
2021 | 212 |
HL7161:
HMPPS Women’s Estate Psychology Services have implemented an indeterminate sentence prisoners strategy which includes the IPP cohort. The overarching goal of the strategy is to ensure that all are supported to progress through their prison sentences as quickly as possible. Psychologists regularly review cases and work with prison and probation colleagues to remove barriers to progression and expedite completion of interventions and services.
HL7216:
The following table shows the number of prisoners subject to IPP sentences that have had two or more post-tariff parole reviews with no progression to (1) open conditions, or (2) release, in each year since 2017:
Snapshot Date | Total number of IPP prisoners with two or more “no release” decisions in their latest two reviews (up to the snapshot date)* |
31-Dec-17 | 1,173 |
31-Dec-18 | 1,028 |
31-Dec-19 | 943 |
31-Dec-20 | 887 |
31-Dec-21 | 874 |
*Caveats:
1. The figures in these tables have been drawn from administrative IT systems which, as with any large scale recording system, are subject to possible errors with data entry and processing.
2. These figures include both the recalled and unreleased IPP populations.
HL7217 & HL7218:
The following data are produced from service provider returns and, whilst quality assured, are subject to reporter error. As of 31 December 2021 there were 4,869 people with IPP sentences who had been identified as meeting the screening criteria for the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway. OPD pathway screening is an administrative activity which does not necessarily mean someone needs a specific intervention to address a personality disorder. Such a need would be identified when the prisoner’s probation officer reviews the prisoner’s sentence plan to take account of the OPD pathway screening.
Of those identified as meeting the screening criteria, 2,780 are currently in custody (with 1,200 of these in custody on recall).
From 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2021, a total of 1,892 offenders serving IPP sentences have been referred to OPD Services as follows:
Year of referral | No of IPP Referrals |
2017 | 177 |
2018 | 221 |
2019 | 358 |
2020 | 517 |
2021 | 619 |
Total (2017-2021) | 1892 |
To note: in the breakdown of protected characteristics below, some categories have been merged where necessary to avoid the risk of identifying individual offenders.
By Age:
Year of referral | 18-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Total |
2017 | 11 | 72 | 53 | 33 | 8 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 94 | 66 | 44 | 10 | 221 |
2019 | 17 | 159 | 99 | 61 | 22 | 358 |
2020 | 19 | 238 | 150 | 86 | 24 | 517 |
2021 | 22 | 276 | 184 | 101 | 36 | 619 |
Total | 76 | 839 | 552 | 325 | 100 | 1892 |
By Ethnicity:
Year of referral | Asian: Asian British | Black: Black British | Mixed/ Multiple Ethnic Groups | Other / Not Stated | White | Total |
2017 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 0 | 144 | 177 |
2018 | 4 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 182 | 221 |
2019 | 15 | 41 | 6 | 1 | 295 | 358 |
2020 | 14 | 57 | 24 | 0 | 422 | 517 |
2021 | 12 | 63 | 32 | 7 | 505 | 619 |
Total | 53 | 197 | 86 | 8 | 1548 | 1892 |
By Sex:
Year of referral | Female | Male | Unspecified | Total |
2017 | 3 | 174 | 0 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 214 | 0 | 221 |
2019 | 11 | 347 | 0 | 358 |
2020 | 27 | 490 | 0 | 517 |
2021 | 39 | 577 | 3 | 619 |
Total | 87 | 1802 | 3 | 1892 |
The IPP Action Plan is regularly reviewed to ensure that it is responsive to the needs of those serving IPP sentences, whether in prison or in the community. During the COVID-19 pandemic, and in accordance with measures mandated in the interests of public health, HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) implemented exceptional delivery models which inevitably had some impact on all operational work. A large number of IPP prisoners have been released each year since the IPP Action Plan was first introduced in 2016, and the Plan will be refreshed, reviewed and republished after careful consideration of the forthcoming Justice Select Committee’s Report and recommendations.
HL7157 & HL7158:
HMPPS operate four Progression Regimes in closed, adult male category C prisons which provide opportunities for parole-eligible prisoners who are not making anticipated progress, and particularly prioritise places for those serving an IPP sentence. The first Progression Regime opened at HMP Warren Hill in December 2014. Following the success of the Regime at HMP Warren Hill, a further three Progression Regimes were opened in 2018 at HMP The Humber, Erlestoke and Buckley Hall.
The following table shows the number of prisoners in England and Wales subject to Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences that have been (1) received into, and (2) released from, Progression Regimes in each year since 2017.
Year | Received onto a Progression Regimes | Release from a Progression Regime |
2017 | 80 | 47 |
2018* | 124 | 30 |
2019 | 119 | 43 |
2020 | 92 | 43 |
2021 | 80 | 44 |
* Progression Regimes opened at HMPs Erlestoke, Humber and Buckley Hall.
These data have been drawn from local spreadsheets and databases held by the Progression Regimes, as national data systems can only capture movement for a whole prison, rather than individual units within a prison. As with any large scale recording systems, the figures are subject to possible errors with data migration and processing.
The total capacity of the Progression Regimes was 202 in 2017, with only the Progression Regime at HMP Warren Hill operational at that time. This number rose to 350 spaces (202 in HMP Warren Hill, 40 in HMP Erlestoke, 48 in HMP Humber and 60 in HMP Buckley Hall) with the opening of the three additional Progression Regime sites by the end of 2018. In 2019 a further 40 places were opened in HMP Erlestoke, however last year one of their Progression Regime units closed, affecting their number of places. This unit is being replaced with a new one later this year.
HL7160:
Psychology reviews for IPP prisoners commenced in 2016 and targeted those serving IPP sentences where no progress had been made to either open conditions or release despite 2 or more post tariff parole reviews. In 2019, the cohort was widened to incorporate IPP prisoners with tariffs of fewerless than 2 years. In 2021, the cohort was again expanded to include all those 5 or more years post tariff irrespective of whether they had been to open prison previously, those serving IPP sentences for non-sexual and non-violent offences, and those serving IPP sentences for robbery.
The following table shows the number of IPP psychology reviews completed for eligible IPP prisoners, as described above, each year since 2016. The high figure in 2016 reflects the fact that a large proportion of those eligible had their reviews in the first year the central reviews were introduced:
Year | Reviews completed |
2016 | 873 |
2017 | 209 |
2018 | 225 |
2019 | 159 |
2020 | 107 |
2021 | 212 |
HL7161:
HMPPS Women’s Estate Psychology Services have implemented an indeterminate sentence prisoners strategy which includes the IPP cohort. The overarching goal of the strategy is to ensure that all are supported to progress through their prison sentences as quickly as possible. Psychologists regularly review cases and work with prison and probation colleagues to remove barriers to progression and expedite completion of interventions and services.
HL7216:
The following table shows the number of prisoners subject to IPP sentences that have had two or more post-tariff parole reviews with no progression to (1) open conditions, or (2) release, in each year since 2017:
Snapshot Date | Total number of IPP prisoners with two or more “no release” decisions in their latest two reviews (up to the snapshot date)* |
31-Dec-17 | 1,173 |
31-Dec-18 | 1,028 |
31-Dec-19 | 943 |
31-Dec-20 | 887 |
31-Dec-21 | 874 |
*Caveats:
1. The figures in these tables have been drawn from administrative IT systems which, as with any large scale recording system, are subject to possible errors with data entry and processing.
2. These figures include both the recalled and unreleased IPP populations.
HL7217 & HL7218:
The following data are produced from service provider returns and, whilst quality assured, are subject to reporter error. As of 31 December 2021 there were 4,869 people with IPP sentences who had been identified as meeting the screening criteria for the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway. OPD pathway screening is an administrative activity which does not necessarily mean someone needs a specific intervention to address a personality disorder. Such a need would be identified when the prisoner’s probation officer reviews the prisoner’s sentence plan to take account of the OPD pathway screening.
Of those identified as meeting the screening criteria, 2,780 are currently in custody (with 1,200 of these in custody on recall).
From 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2021, a total of 1,892 offenders serving IPP sentences have been referred to OPD Services as follows:
Year of referral | No of IPP Referrals |
2017 | 177 |
2018 | 221 |
2019 | 358 |
2020 | 517 |
2021 | 619 |
Total (2017-2021) | 1892 |
To note: in the breakdown of protected characteristics below, some categories have been merged where necessary to avoid the risk of identifying individual offenders.
By Age:
Year of referral | 18-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Total |
2017 | 11 | 72 | 53 | 33 | 8 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 94 | 66 | 44 | 10 | 221 |
2019 | 17 | 159 | 99 | 61 | 22 | 358 |
2020 | 19 | 238 | 150 | 86 | 24 | 517 |
2021 | 22 | 276 | 184 | 101 | 36 | 619 |
Total | 76 | 839 | 552 | 325 | 100 | 1892 |
By Ethnicity:
Year of referral | Asian: Asian British | Black: Black British | Mixed/ Multiple Ethnic Groups | Other / Not Stated | White | Total |
2017 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 0 | 144 | 177 |
2018 | 4 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 182 | 221 |
2019 | 15 | 41 | 6 | 1 | 295 | 358 |
2020 | 14 | 57 | 24 | 0 | 422 | 517 |
2021 | 12 | 63 | 32 | 7 | 505 | 619 |
Total | 53 | 197 | 86 | 8 | 1548 | 1892 |
By Sex:
Year of referral | Female | Male | Unspecified | Total |
2017 | 3 | 174 | 0 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 214 | 0 | 221 |
2019 | 11 | 347 | 0 | 358 |
2020 | 27 | 490 | 0 | 517 |
2021 | 39 | 577 | 3 | 619 |
Total | 87 | 1802 | 3 | 1892 |
Year | Number of transfers of IPP prisoners from predominant function ‘Open’ to predominant function ‘Closed’ prisons |
2017 | 235 |
2018 | 205 |
2019 | 159 |
2020 | 116 |
Note: These figures exclude those recalled from IPP sentences.
Data sources and quality
The figures in this table have been drawn from administrative IT systems which, as with any large-scale recording system, are subject to possible errors with data entry and processing.
Almost invariably, an IPP prisoner will be approved for open conditions only in response to a positive recommendation from the Parole Board. Recently, the Deputy Prime Minister and Secretary of State for Justice announced that there would be greater ministerial scrutiny of the moves of indeterminate sentence prisoners to open conditions. A prisoner in open conditions will be returned to closed conditions in response to poor behaviour or evidence of increased risk.
The IPP Action Plan is regularly reviewed to ensure that it is responsive to the needs of those serving IPP sentences, whether in prison or in the community. During the COVID-19 pandemic, and in accordance with measures mandated in the interests of public health, HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) implemented exceptional delivery models which inevitably had some impact on all operational work. A large number of IPP prisoners have been released each year since the IPP Action Plan was first introduced in 2016, and the Plan will be refreshed, reviewed and republished after careful consideration of the forthcoming Justice Select Committee’s Report and recommendations.
HL7157 & HL7158:
HMPPS operate four Progression Regimes in closed, adult male category C prisons which provide opportunities for parole-eligible prisoners who are not making anticipated progress, and particularly prioritise places for those serving an IPP sentence. The first Progression Regime opened at HMP Warren Hill in December 2014. Following the success of the Regime at HMP Warren Hill, a further three Progression Regimes were opened in 2018 at HMP The Humber, Erlestoke and Buckley Hall.
The following table shows the number of prisoners in England and Wales subject to Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences that have been (1) received into, and (2) released from, Progression Regimes in each year since 2017.
Year | Received onto a Progression Regimes | Release from a Progression Regime |
2017 | 80 | 47 |
2018* | 124 | 30 |
2019 | 119 | 43 |
2020 | 92 | 43 |
2021 | 80 | 44 |
* Progression Regimes opened at HMPs Erlestoke, Humber and Buckley Hall.
These data have been drawn from local spreadsheets and databases held by the Progression Regimes, as national data systems can only capture movement for a whole prison, rather than individual units within a prison. As with any large scale recording systems, the figures are subject to possible errors with data migration and processing.
The total capacity of the Progression Regimes was 202 in 2017, with only the Progression Regime at HMP Warren Hill operational at that time. This number rose to 350 spaces (202 in HMP Warren Hill, 40 in HMP Erlestoke, 48 in HMP Humber and 60 in HMP Buckley Hall) with the opening of the three additional Progression Regime sites by the end of 2018. In 2019 a further 40 places were opened in HMP Erlestoke, however last year one of their Progression Regime units closed, affecting their number of places. This unit is being replaced with a new one later this year.
HL7160:
Psychology reviews for IPP prisoners commenced in 2016 and targeted those serving IPP sentences where no progress had been made to either open conditions or release despite 2 or more post tariff parole reviews. In 2019, the cohort was widened to incorporate IPP prisoners with tariffs of fewerless than 2 years. In 2021, the cohort was again expanded to include all those 5 or more years post tariff irrespective of whether they had been to open prison previously, those serving IPP sentences for non-sexual and non-violent offences, and those serving IPP sentences for robbery.
The following table shows the number of IPP psychology reviews completed for eligible IPP prisoners, as described above, each year since 2016. The high figure in 2016 reflects the fact that a large proportion of those eligible had their reviews in the first year the central reviews were introduced:
Year | Reviews completed |
2016 | 873 |
2017 | 209 |
2018 | 225 |
2019 | 159 |
2020 | 107 |
2021 | 212 |
HL7161:
HMPPS Women’s Estate Psychology Services have implemented an indeterminate sentence prisoners strategy which includes the IPP cohort. The overarching goal of the strategy is to ensure that all are supported to progress through their prison sentences as quickly as possible. Psychologists regularly review cases and work with prison and probation colleagues to remove barriers to progression and expedite completion of interventions and services.
HL7216:
The following table shows the number of prisoners subject to IPP sentences that have had two or more post-tariff parole reviews with no progression to (1) open conditions, or (2) release, in each year since 2017:
Snapshot Date | Total number of IPP prisoners with two or more “no release” decisions in their latest two reviews (up to the snapshot date)* |
31-Dec-17 | 1,173 |
31-Dec-18 | 1,028 |
31-Dec-19 | 943 |
31-Dec-20 | 887 |
31-Dec-21 | 874 |
*Caveats:
1. The figures in these tables have been drawn from administrative IT systems which, as with any large scale recording system, are subject to possible errors with data entry and processing.
2. These figures include both the recalled and unreleased IPP populations.
HL7217 & HL7218:
The following data are produced from service provider returns and, whilst quality assured, are subject to reporter error. As of 31 December 2021 there were 4,869 people with IPP sentences who had been identified as meeting the screening criteria for the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway. OPD pathway screening is an administrative activity which does not necessarily mean someone needs a specific intervention to address a personality disorder. Such a need would be identified when the prisoner’s probation officer reviews the prisoner’s sentence plan to take account of the OPD pathway screening.
Of those identified as meeting the screening criteria, 2,780 are currently in custody (with 1,200 of these in custody on recall).
From 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2021, a total of 1,892 offenders serving IPP sentences have been referred to OPD Services as follows:
Year of referral | No of IPP Referrals |
2017 | 177 |
2018 | 221 |
2019 | 358 |
2020 | 517 |
2021 | 619 |
Total (2017-2021) | 1892 |
To note: in the breakdown of protected characteristics below, some categories have been merged where necessary to avoid the risk of identifying individual offenders.
By Age:
Year of referral | 18-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Total |
2017 | 11 | 72 | 53 | 33 | 8 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 94 | 66 | 44 | 10 | 221 |
2019 | 17 | 159 | 99 | 61 | 22 | 358 |
2020 | 19 | 238 | 150 | 86 | 24 | 517 |
2021 | 22 | 276 | 184 | 101 | 36 | 619 |
Total | 76 | 839 | 552 | 325 | 100 | 1892 |
By Ethnicity:
Year of referral | Asian: Asian British | Black: Black British | Mixed/ Multiple Ethnic Groups | Other / Not Stated | White | Total |
2017 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 0 | 144 | 177 |
2018 | 4 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 182 | 221 |
2019 | 15 | 41 | 6 | 1 | 295 | 358 |
2020 | 14 | 57 | 24 | 0 | 422 | 517 |
2021 | 12 | 63 | 32 | 7 | 505 | 619 |
Total | 53 | 197 | 86 | 8 | 1548 | 1892 |
By Sex:
Year of referral | Female | Male | Unspecified | Total |
2017 | 3 | 174 | 0 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 214 | 0 | 221 |
2019 | 11 | 347 | 0 | 358 |
2020 | 27 | 490 | 0 | 517 |
2021 | 39 | 577 | 3 | 619 |
Total | 87 | 1802 | 3 | 1892 |
The IPP Action Plan is regularly reviewed to ensure that it is responsive to the needs of those serving IPP sentences, whether in prison or in the community. During the COVID-19 pandemic, and in accordance with measures mandated in the interests of public health, HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) implemented exceptional delivery models which inevitably had some impact on all operational work. A large number of IPP prisoners have been released each year since the IPP Action Plan was first introduced in 2016, and the Plan will be refreshed, reviewed and republished after careful consideration of the forthcoming Justice Select Committee’s Report and recommendations.
HL7157 & HL7158:
HMPPS operate four Progression Regimes in closed, adult male category C prisons which provide opportunities for parole-eligible prisoners who are not making anticipated progress, and particularly prioritise places for those serving an IPP sentence. The first Progression Regime opened at HMP Warren Hill in December 2014. Following the success of the Regime at HMP Warren Hill, a further three Progression Regimes were opened in 2018 at HMP The Humber, Erlestoke and Buckley Hall.
The following table shows the number of prisoners in England and Wales subject to Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences that have been (1) received into, and (2) released from, Progression Regimes in each year since 2017.
Year | Received onto a Progression Regimes | Release from a Progression Regime |
2017 | 80 | 47 |
2018* | 124 | 30 |
2019 | 119 | 43 |
2020 | 92 | 43 |
2021 | 80 | 44 |
* Progression Regimes opened at HMPs Erlestoke, Humber and Buckley Hall.
These data have been drawn from local spreadsheets and databases held by the Progression Regimes, as national data systems can only capture movement for a whole prison, rather than individual units within a prison. As with any large scale recording systems, the figures are subject to possible errors with data migration and processing.
The total capacity of the Progression Regimes was 202 in 2017, with only the Progression Regime at HMP Warren Hill operational at that time. This number rose to 350 spaces (202 in HMP Warren Hill, 40 in HMP Erlestoke, 48 in HMP Humber and 60 in HMP Buckley Hall) with the opening of the three additional Progression Regime sites by the end of 2018. In 2019 a further 40 places were opened in HMP Erlestoke, however last year one of their Progression Regime units closed, affecting their number of places. This unit is being replaced with a new one later this year.
HL7160:
Psychology reviews for IPP prisoners commenced in 2016 and targeted those serving IPP sentences where no progress had been made to either open conditions or release despite 2 or more post tariff parole reviews. In 2019, the cohort was widened to incorporate IPP prisoners with tariffs of fewerless than 2 years. In 2021, the cohort was again expanded to include all those 5 or more years post tariff irrespective of whether they had been to open prison previously, those serving IPP sentences for non-sexual and non-violent offences, and those serving IPP sentences for robbery.
The following table shows the number of IPP psychology reviews completed for eligible IPP prisoners, as described above, each year since 2016. The high figure in 2016 reflects the fact that a large proportion of those eligible had their reviews in the first year the central reviews were introduced:
Year | Reviews completed |
2016 | 873 |
2017 | 209 |
2018 | 225 |
2019 | 159 |
2020 | 107 |
2021 | 212 |
HL7161:
HMPPS Women’s Estate Psychology Services have implemented an indeterminate sentence prisoners strategy which includes the IPP cohort. The overarching goal of the strategy is to ensure that all are supported to progress through their prison sentences as quickly as possible. Psychologists regularly review cases and work with prison and probation colleagues to remove barriers to progression and expedite completion of interventions and services.
HL7216:
The following table shows the number of prisoners subject to IPP sentences that have had two or more post-tariff parole reviews with no progression to (1) open conditions, or (2) release, in each year since 2017:
Snapshot Date | Total number of IPP prisoners with two or more “no release” decisions in their latest two reviews (up to the snapshot date)* |
31-Dec-17 | 1,173 |
31-Dec-18 | 1,028 |
31-Dec-19 | 943 |
31-Dec-20 | 887 |
31-Dec-21 | 874 |
*Caveats:
1. The figures in these tables have been drawn from administrative IT systems which, as with any large scale recording system, are subject to possible errors with data entry and processing.
2. These figures include both the recalled and unreleased IPP populations.
HL7217 & HL7218:
The following data are produced from service provider returns and, whilst quality assured, are subject to reporter error. As of 31 December 2021 there were 4,869 people with IPP sentences who had been identified as meeting the screening criteria for the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway. OPD pathway screening is an administrative activity which does not necessarily mean someone needs a specific intervention to address a personality disorder. Such a need would be identified when the prisoner’s probation officer reviews the prisoner’s sentence plan to take account of the OPD pathway screening.
Of those identified as meeting the screening criteria, 2,780 are currently in custody (with 1,200 of these in custody on recall).
From 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2021, a total of 1,892 offenders serving IPP sentences have been referred to OPD Services as follows:
Year of referral | No of IPP Referrals |
2017 | 177 |
2018 | 221 |
2019 | 358 |
2020 | 517 |
2021 | 619 |
Total (2017-2021) | 1892 |
To note: in the breakdown of protected characteristics below, some categories have been merged where necessary to avoid the risk of identifying individual offenders.
By Age:
Year of referral | 18-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Total |
2017 | 11 | 72 | 53 | 33 | 8 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 94 | 66 | 44 | 10 | 221 |
2019 | 17 | 159 | 99 | 61 | 22 | 358 |
2020 | 19 | 238 | 150 | 86 | 24 | 517 |
2021 | 22 | 276 | 184 | 101 | 36 | 619 |
Total | 76 | 839 | 552 | 325 | 100 | 1892 |
By Ethnicity:
Year of referral | Asian: Asian British | Black: Black British | Mixed/ Multiple Ethnic Groups | Other / Not Stated | White | Total |
2017 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 0 | 144 | 177 |
2018 | 4 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 182 | 221 |
2019 | 15 | 41 | 6 | 1 | 295 | 358 |
2020 | 14 | 57 | 24 | 0 | 422 | 517 |
2021 | 12 | 63 | 32 | 7 | 505 | 619 |
Total | 53 | 197 | 86 | 8 | 1548 | 1892 |
By Sex:
Year of referral | Female | Male | Unspecified | Total |
2017 | 3 | 174 | 0 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 214 | 0 | 221 |
2019 | 11 | 347 | 0 | 358 |
2020 | 27 | 490 | 0 | 517 |
2021 | 39 | 577 | 3 | 619 |
Total | 87 | 1802 | 3 | 1892 |
The IPP Action Plan is regularly reviewed to ensure that it is responsive to the needs of those serving IPP sentences, whether in prison or in the community. During the COVID-19 pandemic, and in accordance with measures mandated in the interests of public health, HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) implemented exceptional delivery models which inevitably had some impact on all operational work. A large number of IPP prisoners have been released each year since the IPP Action Plan was first introduced in 2016, and the Plan will be refreshed, reviewed and republished after careful consideration of the forthcoming Justice Select Committee’s Report and recommendations.
HL7157 & HL7158:
HMPPS operate four Progression Regimes in closed, adult male category C prisons which provide opportunities for parole-eligible prisoners who are not making anticipated progress, and particularly prioritise places for those serving an IPP sentence. The first Progression Regime opened at HMP Warren Hill in December 2014. Following the success of the Regime at HMP Warren Hill, a further three Progression Regimes were opened in 2018 at HMP The Humber, Erlestoke and Buckley Hall.
The following table shows the number of prisoners in England and Wales subject to Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences that have been (1) received into, and (2) released from, Progression Regimes in each year since 2017.
Year | Received onto a Progression Regimes | Release from a Progression Regime |
2017 | 80 | 47 |
2018* | 124 | 30 |
2019 | 119 | 43 |
2020 | 92 | 43 |
2021 | 80 | 44 |
* Progression Regimes opened at HMPs Erlestoke, Humber and Buckley Hall.
These data have been drawn from local spreadsheets and databases held by the Progression Regimes, as national data systems can only capture movement for a whole prison, rather than individual units within a prison. As with any large scale recording systems, the figures are subject to possible errors with data migration and processing.
The total capacity of the Progression Regimes was 202 in 2017, with only the Progression Regime at HMP Warren Hill operational at that time. This number rose to 350 spaces (202 in HMP Warren Hill, 40 in HMP Erlestoke, 48 in HMP Humber and 60 in HMP Buckley Hall) with the opening of the three additional Progression Regime sites by the end of 2018. In 2019 a further 40 places were opened in HMP Erlestoke, however last year one of their Progression Regime units closed, affecting their number of places. This unit is being replaced with a new one later this year.
HL7160:
Psychology reviews for IPP prisoners commenced in 2016 and targeted those serving IPP sentences where no progress had been made to either open conditions or release despite 2 or more post tariff parole reviews. In 2019, the cohort was widened to incorporate IPP prisoners with tariffs of fewerless than 2 years. In 2021, the cohort was again expanded to include all those 5 or more years post tariff irrespective of whether they had been to open prison previously, those serving IPP sentences for non-sexual and non-violent offences, and those serving IPP sentences for robbery.
The following table shows the number of IPP psychology reviews completed for eligible IPP prisoners, as described above, each year since 2016. The high figure in 2016 reflects the fact that a large proportion of those eligible had their reviews in the first year the central reviews were introduced:
Year | Reviews completed |
2016 | 873 |
2017 | 209 |
2018 | 225 |
2019 | 159 |
2020 | 107 |
2021 | 212 |
HL7161:
HMPPS Women’s Estate Psychology Services have implemented an indeterminate sentence prisoners strategy which includes the IPP cohort. The overarching goal of the strategy is to ensure that all are supported to progress through their prison sentences as quickly as possible. Psychologists regularly review cases and work with prison and probation colleagues to remove barriers to progression and expedite completion of interventions and services.
HL7216:
The following table shows the number of prisoners subject to IPP sentences that have had two or more post-tariff parole reviews with no progression to (1) open conditions, or (2) release, in each year since 2017:
Snapshot Date | Total number of IPP prisoners with two or more “no release” decisions in their latest two reviews (up to the snapshot date)* |
31-Dec-17 | 1,173 |
31-Dec-18 | 1,028 |
31-Dec-19 | 943 |
31-Dec-20 | 887 |
31-Dec-21 | 874 |
*Caveats:
1. The figures in these tables have been drawn from administrative IT systems which, as with any large scale recording system, are subject to possible errors with data entry and processing.
2. These figures include both the recalled and unreleased IPP populations.
HL7217 & HL7218:
The following data are produced from service provider returns and, whilst quality assured, are subject to reporter error. As of 31 December 2021 there were 4,869 people with IPP sentences who had been identified as meeting the screening criteria for the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway. OPD pathway screening is an administrative activity which does not necessarily mean someone needs a specific intervention to address a personality disorder. Such a need would be identified when the prisoner’s probation officer reviews the prisoner’s sentence plan to take account of the OPD pathway screening.
Of those identified as meeting the screening criteria, 2,780 are currently in custody (with 1,200 of these in custody on recall).
From 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2021, a total of 1,892 offenders serving IPP sentences have been referred to OPD Services as follows:
Year of referral | No of IPP Referrals |
2017 | 177 |
2018 | 221 |
2019 | 358 |
2020 | 517 |
2021 | 619 |
Total (2017-2021) | 1892 |
To note: in the breakdown of protected characteristics below, some categories have been merged where necessary to avoid the risk of identifying individual offenders.
By Age:
Year of referral | 18-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Total |
2017 | 11 | 72 | 53 | 33 | 8 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 94 | 66 | 44 | 10 | 221 |
2019 | 17 | 159 | 99 | 61 | 22 | 358 |
2020 | 19 | 238 | 150 | 86 | 24 | 517 |
2021 | 22 | 276 | 184 | 101 | 36 | 619 |
Total | 76 | 839 | 552 | 325 | 100 | 1892 |
By Ethnicity:
Year of referral | Asian: Asian British | Black: Black British | Mixed/ Multiple Ethnic Groups | Other / Not Stated | White | Total |
2017 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 0 | 144 | 177 |
2018 | 4 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 182 | 221 |
2019 | 15 | 41 | 6 | 1 | 295 | 358 |
2020 | 14 | 57 | 24 | 0 | 422 | 517 |
2021 | 12 | 63 | 32 | 7 | 505 | 619 |
Total | 53 | 197 | 86 | 8 | 1548 | 1892 |
By Sex:
Year of referral | Female | Male | Unspecified | Total |
2017 | 3 | 174 | 0 | 177 |
2018 | 7 | 214 | 0 | 221 |
2019 | 11 | 347 | 0 | 358 |
2020 | 27 | 490 | 0 | 517 |
2021 | 39 | 577 | 3 | 619 |
Total | 87 | 1802 | 3 | 1892 |
We do not publish the data at the present time; however, we continue to review processes to allow the publication of more information in the future.
The accumulative number of IPP offenders, who will become eligible for a licence review each year for the next five years is set out below.
Table: IPP cases with at least one release by 30/09/2021 by eligibility to apply for licence termination:
Year | Number of cases eligible |
End of 2021 | 403 |
End of 2022 | 850 |
End of 2023 | 1,353 |
End of 2024 | 1,771 |
End of 2025 | 2,272 |
End of 2026 | 2,829 |
Notes:
1. Number of Cases Eligible is Cumulative (i.e. cases eligible in 2021 will also be eligible in 2022 etc).
2. Data is taken from administrative sources (nDelius) and subject to the inherent inaccuracy in any such large-scale data source.
Statistics on the prison population are routinely published as part of the quarterly Offender Management Statistics on Gov.uk - https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/offender-management-statistics-quarterly
We do not publish the data at the present time; however, we continue to review processes to allow the publication of more information in the future.
The accumulative number of IPP offenders, who will become eligible for a licence review each year for the next five years is set out below.
Table: IPP cases with at least one release by 30/09/2021 by eligibility to apply for licence termination:
Year | Number of cases eligible |
End of 2021 | 403 |
End of 2022 | 850 |
End of 2023 | 1,353 |
End of 2024 | 1,771 |
End of 2025 | 2,272 |
End of 2026 | 2,829 |
Notes:
1. Number of Cases Eligible is Cumulative (i.e. cases eligible in 2021 will also be eligible in 2022 etc).
2. Data is taken from administrative sources (nDelius) and subject to the inherent inaccuracy in any such large-scale data source.
Statistics on the prison population are routinely published as part of the quarterly Offender Management Statistics on Gov.uk - https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/offender-management-statistics-quarterly