First elected: 1st May 1997
Speeches made during Parliamentary debates are recorded in Hansard. For ease of browsing we have grouped debates into individual, departmental and legislative categories.
e-Petitions are administered by Parliament and allow members of the public to express support for a particular issue.
If an e-petition reaches 10,000 signatures the Government will issue a written response.
If an e-petition reaches 100,000 signatures the petition becomes eligible for a Parliamentary debate (usually Monday 4.30pm in Westminster Hall).
Ban Water Companies discharging raw sewage into water courses.
Gov Responded - 5 May 2021 Debated on - 15 Nov 2021 View Gareth Thomas's petition debate contributionsEnsure Water companies treat the sewage they are responsible for. Not discharge it into rivers and water courses. After all what goes into the ocean comes back as the fish we eat.
These initiatives were driven by Gareth Thomas, and are more likely to reflect personal policy preferences.
MPs who are act as Ministers or Shadow Ministers are generally restricted from performing Commons initiatives other than Urgent Questions.
Gareth Thomas has not been granted any Urgent Questions
The Bill failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session. This means the Bill will make no further progress. A Bill to provide that any Withdrawal Agreement between the United Kingdom and the European Union shall not have effect without a vote by the electorate of the United Kingdom and Gibraltar to that effect; to make arrangements for the holding of such a public vote; and for connected purposes.
A Bill to enable co-operatives to issue permanent shares; and for connected purposes.
A Bill to establish a presumption in public sector procurement in favour of purchasing goods and services from businesses based in the UK; to require the Secretary of State to publish data on the value of Government contracts awarded to such businesses, and estimates of jobs created as a result, by region and nation; to make provision for a kitemark scheme for goods of predominantly UK origin; and for connected purposes.
A Bill to transfer the ownership of the Royal Bank of Scotland to its customers and employees; and for connected purposes.
A Bill to require the Secretary of State to make provision for extending the autonomy of the government of London, in particular in relation to duties and powers for the Greater London Authority (GLA) in respect of income tax, property tax and valuation, other fiscal matters, economic management including a London minimum wage and its enforcement, housing policy and planning, the regulation of rents chargeable within the private residential housing sector and skills and employment training; the devolution of responsibilities for health and the NHS in London to the GLA and appropriate London authorities; the Secretary of State to consult the Mayor about decisions on justice and education expenditure, administration and policy as they relate to London and mandatory membership for the Mayor or his representative of the boards of certain public bodies with responsibilities affecting London; to require proposals for extending the autonomy of the government of London to be approved by the residents of Greater London in a referendum before they may come into force; to make provision for such a referendum; and for connected purposes.
A Bill to make provision about the entitlement of employees to benefit from profits made by their employers in certain circumstances; to require a company to allocate one seat on its board to an employee representative; and for connected purposes.
The Bill failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session. This means the Bill will make no further progress. A Bill to provide for the establishment of a credit union for members of the armed forces and family members who live in the same household; and for connected purposes.
The Bill failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session. This means the Bill will make no further progress. A Bill to amend section 157 of the Housing Act 1985 to extend the use of local occupancy clauses to certain urban areas with the permission of the Secretary of State; to increase the qualifying period of local occupancy clauses from three years to either five or ten years; to place a duty on the Homes and Communities Agency and local authorities with housing and planning responsibilities to promote co-operative and mutual housing options and report annually in this regard; to require the Homes and Communities Agency, local authorities and the Land Registry to identify land available for housing development which has not been developed and to publish a report on the available options for development of housing on such land; and for connected purposes.
The Bill failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session. This means the Bill will make no further progress. A Bill to require new energy generation companies to offer a proportion of shares for purchase by residents in local communities; to provide that residents in local communities have the right to invest in ownership of local electricity distribution grids; to establish an agency called Community Power Direct to advise local communities on matters relating to energy generation; to require local planning authorities to consult Community Power Direct when considering planning applications involving energy generation; and for connected purposes.
The Bill failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session. This means the Bill will make no further progress. A Bill to require firms offering regulated private pensions services to exercise a fiduciary duty of care to consumers and other users of financial services, to exercise due diligence when making decisions on behalf of consumers, to provide clear information to consumers on all charges and costs paid by the consumer or the pension fund on the consumer’s behalf and to disclose any conflict of interest and potential conflict of interest including commercial relationships that might result in or be perceived to result in financial detriment to consumers or undermine the integrity of financial markets; to make provision for disclosure by postcode of the location of investors in private pension funds; to make provision for an Annual General Meeting for each private pension fund; and for connected purposes.
The Bill failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session. This means the Bill will make no further progress. A Bill to make provision for the establishment of a Royal Commission to consider the future challenges facing London in housing, transport, the environment, population, equality, the City and the wider economy, and such other matters as the Royal Commission considers appropriate; and for connected purposes
Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies (Environmentally Sustainable Investment) Bill 2019-21
Sponsor - Anna McMorrin (Lab)
Parental Leave and Pay Arrangements (Publication) Bill 2017-19
Sponsor - Jo Swinson (LD)
Leasehold Reform Bill 2017-19
Sponsor - Justin Madders (Lab)
Service Animals (Offences) Bill 2017-19
Sponsor - Oliver Heald (Con)
Tackling violence against women and girls remains one of the government’s top priorities, and we are doing all we can to make our streets and homes safer.
We’re prioritising prevention, supporting survivors, and strengthening the pursuit of aggressors.
In respect of discussions within Government, by convention, whether the Law Officers have been asked to provide advice, and the contents of any such advice, is not disclosed outside of Government. This protects the Law Officers’ ability as chief legal advisers to the Government to give full and frank legal advice.
In respect of discussions between the then Attorney Generals and officials and those outside of Government, I can confirm that we have no record of any discussions in relation to the 1984 Cammell Laird shipyard dispute between 1997 and 2007.
The table below sets out how many prosecutions the Serious Fraud Office (SFO) brought forward in each year and whether they relate to a corporate or an individual. The term “brought forward” has been taken to mean the instigation of a charge against an individual or corporate. This includes cases where charges were brought but the case did not progress to conviction, including cases resolved through Deferred Prosecution Agreements.
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The table below sets out how many convictions were secured in Serious Fraud Office (SFO) cases in each year and whether they relate to a corporate or an individual. This does not include cases that were resolved through Deferred Prosecution Agreements (DPAs), where the SFO have entered into 12 DPAs since their introduction in 2014.
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The Attorney General’s Office has not had any financial contracts or meetings with Clifford Chance LLP, FTI Consulting or Fenchurch Advisory Partners.
Details of Government contracts above £10,000 are published on Contracts Finder: https://www.contractsfinder.service.gov.uk/Search.
Details of ministerial meetings are published quarterly and can be found on GOV.UK
The world-leading Single Trade Window (STW) will provide a simplified experience for businesses interacting with the Government and significantly reduce the administrative burden, including for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Through the STW, SMEs and other businesses will only need to submit their data once and in one place. Better use of technology and real-time data will ensure a more streamlined experience and represents an important step in our endeavour to create the most effective border in the world.
The UK is at the forefront of a global movement centred on demonstrating the value of open data to economic growth and how this can be used effectively, creatively and responsibly. We share best practice with European and international partners including the Open Government Partnership of 77 countries, the G8 and the OECD Open Government Data project. We will assess the European Union’s latest approaches to open data and the re-use of public sector information as part of our ongoing strategy.
There are currently 13 Full Time Equivalent (FTE) staff working on trade in the Cabinet Secretariat and 6 FTE working on international government procurement, which includes procurement policy within trade negotiations. That number has fluctuated over the past five years, including when staff were redeployed on a temporary basis in support of the Government's response to the war in Ukraine and to tackle the Covid pandemic. We are in the process of planning workforce arrangements for the next two years.
I refer the Honourable Member to the answer given to PQ 59415 on 20 October by the then Minister for the Cabinet Office, my Right Honourable friend, the member for Croydon South.
I refer the Honourable Member to the answer given to PQ 59415 on 20 October by the then Minister for the Cabinet Office, my Right Honourable friend, the member for Croydon South.
The information requested falls under the remit of the UK Statistics Authority.
A response to the Hon. Member's Parliamentary Question of 14 October is attached.
The Cabinet Office does not hold any documents on the 1984 Cammell Laird dispute. Records created in 1984 have been transferred to The National Archives, as required by the Public Records Act 1958. We cannot answer what discussions were had over the 10 year period, as answering would produce disproportionate costs.
The Cabinet Office does not hold any documents on the 1984 Cammell Laird dispute. Records created in 1984 have been transferred to The National Archives as required by the Public Records Act 1958.
Cabinet Office has not identified records of any live financial contracts with Clifford Chance LLP, FTI Consulting or Fenchurch Advisory Partners within the department in the last five years.
Details of ministerial meetings are published quarterly and can be found on GOV.UK.
We rapidly processed over 24,000 offers of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) from over 15,000 suppliers who approached the National PPE Sourcing team via the online portals the Government established in March 2020. The webform ensured that offers of support were recorded effectively and taken forward as necessary.
Offers were triaged and those which could potentially deliver significant quantities of high-quality PPE quickly were prioritised. All offers then went into exactly the same Technical Assurance, Closing (i.e. contract negotiation) and Procurement (i.e. contract award) process, managed by officials. This process led to the award of 339 contracts by the Department of Health and Social Care. A high number of offers were rejected at different stages of being taken through this process for different reasons.
Suppliers’ offers were taken through a number of review stages by the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) team made up of civil servants. At various stages of the review process offers were declined as a result of prices being too high. HM Treasury put in place measures with which the Department of Health and Social Care had to comply in order to protect the taxpayer from mispricing. Measures included comparing the latest spot prices for each offer against market prices and benchmarking prices to make sure the Government was not overpaying.
The award of contracts to Pharmaceuticals Direct was subject to a legal challenge that was set aside by the High Court in June 2021. The Government believes that the case was without merit and is contesting an appeal in relation to that decision, so it would not be appropriate to comment further on the matter at this time.
On staffing, I refer the Hon. Member to the answer given to PQ31420 on 27 July 2021.
As announced on 14 September, full customs declarations and checks on goods coming to the UK from the EU under the Trade and Cooperation Agreement will be introduced as planned on 1 January 2022, although safety and security declarations will not be required until 1 July 2022. The Northern Ireland Protocol is still under review and therefore providing an accurate estimate of the level of staffing would not be substantive.
The first meeting of the Partnership Council took place on 9 June. It launched the governance structures of the TCA. It also agreed to facilitate establishing the Civil Society Forum (CSF) so it can meet this year and encouraged the respective Parliaments of the UK and EU to establish the Parliamentary Partnership Assembly.
Three of the eighteen TCA Specialised Committees have now met, including the committee on Social Security Coordination which met on 6 July, the committee on Energy which met on 14 July and the committee on Fisheries which met on 20 July. All the other Specialised Committees are due to meet this autumn.
The Cabinet Office is continuing to investigate various financial wellbeing options. Announcements will be made in due course.
The Government has always been clear that there will be opportunities to look back, analyse and reflect on all aspects of COVID-19. As the Prime Minister has said, this will include an independent inquiry at the appropriate time. For now the Government is focused entirely on responding to the pandemic and saving lives. Further details will be set out in due course and announced in the usual way.
The Department for Business and Trade and the former Department for International Trade have not provided any funding to the Chambers of Commerce requested except for the UK-India Business Council. The funding provided to it is as follows:
Year | Spend |
2013 (October-March inclusive) | £441,344.54 |
2014 | £3,428,243.20 |
2015 | £2,269,682.03 |
2016 | £1,955,098.94 |
2017 | £1,499,191.33 |
2018 | £1,311,455.20 |
2019 | £1,059,669.00 |
2020 | £828,695.00 |
2021 | £1,115,025.00 |
2022 | £270,835.00 |
The UK's trade policy is intended to support the achievement of government objectives and is kept under review. The Office for Zero Emission Vehicles works across government to support the transition to zero emission vehicles. Zero Emission vehicles will help the UK decarbonise and Government remains committed to the Net Zero 2050 target.
The examination of goods included in Appendix 1, Section B, Subsection 1, A, 2 of the Annex Modifications to Annex 1 to the UK-Andean Trade Agreement must take place within two years of entry into force of the UK-Andean Countries Trade Agreement. The agreement entered into force for all parties in June 2022.
In the review, the UK will consider the interests of businesses and consumers alongside our development objectives. The Government will engage stakeholders and meet our existing commitments for consultation in the UK-Cariforum Economic Partnership Agreement.
There are no plans to publish an impact assessment.
The rules which apply to battery electric truck tractors to facilitate tariff free trade have been in force since 1 January 2021 and were not due to change in 2024. The Office for Zero Emission Vehicles (OZEV) works across government to support the transition to zero emission vehicles. Zero emission vehicles will help the UK decarbonise and Government remains committed to the Net Zero 2050 target.
Operational matters, which include those relating to the Printed Postage Impressions service, are the direct responsibility of Royal Mail. The Government is not involved in the day- to-day operations of the company and does not play a role in handling or resolving issues in relation to postage fraud.
Royal Mail has a well-established process in place to deal with suspected postage fraud. This is handled by the Royal Mail Revenue Protection team, who would be best placed to answer any queries in relation to this issue.
The Free Trade Agreement Utilisation team has around 20 full time employees who work closely with business-facing teams across the Nations and regions of the UK, teams based overseas, and across all of our Department’s export support ecosystem to raise awareness of our new FTAs and ensure business can seize the opportunities in those fast growing markets.
Future years' resourcing will be decided as part of business planning for each financial year.
British Shipbuilder pensions were transferred to Legal & General on 1 December 1994. His Majesty’s Government does not hold any data on the number of former employees who are in receipt of pensions.
The rules which apply to battery electric truck tractors have been in force since 1 January 2021 and were not due to change in 2024. Zero emission vehicles will help the UK decarbonise and meet our Net Zero 2050 targets. The Government is committed to supporting the transition to these vehicles.
The Commission has proposed a 3-year delay to the rules of origin for certain electric accumulators and electrified vehicles. The scope of the proposal is limited to only those rules which were staged over several years and due to change in 2024 and in 2027. The rules which apply to battery electric truck tractors were not due to change in 2024 and have been in force since the end of the transition period.
We continue to listen closely to the concerns of the sector and work with industry to maximise the benefits provided by the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement.
The Commission has proposed a 3-year delay to the rules of origin for certain electric accumulators and electrified vehicles. The scope of the proposal is limited to only those rules which were staged over several years and due to change in 2024 and again in 2027. The rules which apply to battery electric truck tractors were not due to change in 2024 and have been in force since the end of the transition period.
We continue to listen closely to the concerns of the sector and work with industry to maximise the benefits provided by the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement.
The Commission has proposed a 3-year delay to the rules of origin for certain electric accumulators and electrified vehicles. The scope of the proposal is limited to only those rules which were staged over several years and due to change in 2024 and again in 2027. The rules which apply to battery electric truck tractors were not due to change in 2024 and have been in force since the end of the transition period.
We continue to listen closely to the concerns of the sector and work with industry to maximise the benefits provided by the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement.
Between 2022-2025, DBT currently plan to spend, including expenditure incurred, a maximum of £86.1 million on the Help to Grow: Management scheme and Business Support Helpline, £19.4 million on the Export Support Service Digital enquiry service and International Markets service, and Export Support delivered by DBT teams in the English Regions (which includes International Trade Advisers in England and the UK wide Export Academy) expect to spend £84.2 million
The UK has ensured that accession negotiations with CPTPP are consistent with the UK’s interests, the Government’s policies and priorities on intellectual property, and with the UK’s existing international obligations, including the non-EU European Patent Convention (EPC) which establishes the European Patent Office.
The UK has not agreed to any provisions that would require us to diverge from the EPC and therefore an independent assessment is not required. With respect to Article 18.38 of the agreement (Grace Period), the UK has agreed with the CPTPP Parties that we will only comply with that article once necessary amendments to the EPC have been made in line with Article 18.38, and not before.
The Department for Business and Trade have a range of programmes dedicated to supporting SMEs to grow and export. This includes the UK Export Academy, International Trade Advisors, Help to Grow, the Export Support Service, our growth hubs and Business Support Helpline, we also support through the British Business Bank, including Future Fund: Breakthrough.
We are also supporting SMEs to adopt advanced digital technologies through the expansion of our Made Smarter programme; and the setting up of a Digital Adoption Taskforce.
Negotiations with Canada on market access are ongoing. Both countries share the view that free and fair trade is good for economies, good for business and good for consumers. The UK’s key aim is to secure comprehensive access for UK agricultural goods into the Canadian market through the reduction or elimination of tariffs.
Negotiations with Canada on this issue are ongoing. The UK is seeking to develop simple and modern rules of origin that reflect UK industry requirements and consider existing, as well as future, supply chains supported by predictable and low-cost administrative arrangements.
The EU’s Entry Price System was removed by the UK with the introduction of the UK Global Tariff in 2021. Market access negotiations between Canada and the UK are ongoing.
Imports from the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership Members to the UK must comply with UK import requirements, including any relevant product regulations, and any relevant tariffs. This is true of all imports and includes products from the EU and other longstanding trading partners, which includes many of the existing Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership Members.
Food and feed imports from the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership countries are already, and will remain subject, to the UK's official controls regime, including documentary, identification, and physical checks at the border. The UK assurance system for official controls in the agri-food chain is published at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/assuring-standards-in-uk-food-and-farming-after-eu-exit.
Tariff rate quotas for the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership can be found at https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/trade/free-trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements-in-force/cptpp/comprehensive-and-progressive-agreement-for-trans-pacific-partnership-text-and-resources/, as New Zealand acts as the depositary for all Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership documents.
These documents should be read in conjunction with Annex A of the UK Accession Protocol, which can be found at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/accession-protocol-of-the-uk-to-the-cptpp.
Tariff rate quotas for the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership can be found at https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/trade/free-trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements-in-force/cptpp/comprehensive-and-progressive-agreement-for-trans-pacific-partnership-text-and-resources/, as New Zealand acts as the depositary for all Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership documents.
These documents should be read in conjunction with Annex A of the UK Accession Protocol, which can be found at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/accession-protocol-of-the-uk-to-the-cptpp.
Over the last two financial years (including 2023-24), the Department for Business and Trade has organised international activations for UK export-ready small and medium sized enterprises at over 90 international trade shows listed below.
2022-23 | |
Trade show | Country |
Cannes Lion | France |
Aero India | India |
Arab Health | UAE |
BETT Asia | Malaysia |
Bio Convention - San Diego | USA |
Chemspec Europe | Germany |
DSEI Japan | Japan |
ExpoNaval | Chile |
Fruit Attraction | Spain |
Gulfood (February 2023) | UAE |
IACP | USA |
IDEX | UAE |
Indo Defence | Indonesia |
Indo Pacific | Australia |
Innotrans | Germany |
International Atomic Energy Agency General Conf | Austria |
Intersec | UAE |
Investing in Africa Mining, Indaba | South Africa |
JP Morgan Healthcare conf | USA |
Kidscreen | USA |
Medica | Germany |
Middle East Beauty | France |
Mobile World Congress (MWC) | Spain |
Money 2020 | USA |
International Defence Industry Exhibition MSPO | Poland |
Pitti Uomo | Italy |
Posidonia 2022 | Greece |
Sial | France |
Singapore Fintech Week | Singapore |
SMM Hamburg | Germany |
SOFIC | USA |
South By South West (SXSW) | USA |
Web Summit 2022 | Portugal |
2023-24 | |
Trade show | Country |
AAHAR | India |
Agritechnica | Germany |
Anuga | Germany |
Arab Health | UAE |
Asia Pacific Maritime | Singapore |
Australia Space Policy Forum | Australia |
Bengalaru Tech Summit | India |
BETT Asia | Malaysia |
Big 5 Construction | UAE |
BIO International | USA |
Cannes Lions | France |
Chemspec | Germany |
CPHI | Spain |
Defense & Security | Thailand |
DIMDEX | Qatar |
Dubai Airshow | UAE |
DUPHAT | UAE |
FoodEx | Japan |
GCC Beauty World ME | Dubai |
Global Health Expo | Saudi Arabia |
Global Space & Technology Convention | Singapore |
GULFOOD 2024 | UAE |
IACP | USA |
Indo Pacific | Australia |
InFlavour | Saudi Arabia |
Intersec | UAE |
Investing in Africa Mining Indaba | South Africa |
International Defence Industry Exhibition (MSPO) | Poland |
International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) | Turkey |
Intersec | UAE |
Intersec KSA | Saudi Arabia |
JP Morgan Health Tech | USA |
Kidscreen 2024 | USA |
Kormarine | ROK |
Medica | Germany |
METSTRADE | Netherlands |
Middle East Rail | UAE |
Mobile World Congress | Spain |
Money 2020 | USA |
NorShipping | Norway |
Paris Air Show | France |
PCHI (Personal Care and Homecare Ingredients) | China |
Photonics West | USA |
Pitti Uomo | Italy |
Prowein | Germany |
ReBuild Ukraine | Poland |
Seafood Expo | USA |
Singapore Fintech Week | Singapore |
Singapore Maritime Week | Singapore |
SOF Week | USA |
Space Tech Expo | Germany |
SXSW | USA |
Web Summit | Portugal |
Wind Europe | Denmark |
Wind Europe 2024 | Spain |
World Defense Show | Saudi Arabia |
World New Energy Vehicle Congress | China |
World Nuclear Exhibition | Paris |
The budgets and FTE for the trade and investment hubs, as at period end 30 September 2023, are:
Hub | Budget | Headcount |
Scotland | £1,775,602 | 12 |
Wales | £1,351,775 | 12 |
Northern Ireland | £1,251,975 | 10 |
This excludes the budget for the Northern Ireland Investment Summit.
There are Trade and Investment staff based in Darlington; however, they work across part of a larger team which focus on a range of activities across the UK.
The UK Tradeshow Programme 2021-2022 had a total allocated budget of £1,522,768. The actual spend for that period was £739,161.74 or 48.5%.
The exhibitor element of the scheme launched on 30 November 2021 with a budget of £251,427.36 and supported eight shows. The exhibitor spend was £13,600. Four exhibitor applications were received, two were successful.
The attendee element was launched on 20 January 2022 and the total attendee spend for 2021-22 was £0. Three complete applications were received, two not reaching the required criteria and one offer made but declined.
The UK Tradeshow Programme 2021-2022 had a total allocated budget of £1,522,768. The actual spend for that period was £739,161.74 or 48.5%.
The exhibitor element of the scheme launched on 30 November 2021 with a budget of £251,427.36 and supported eight shows. The exhibitor spend was £13,600. Four exhibitor applications were received, two were successful.
The attendee element was launched on 20 January 2022 and the total attendee spend for 2021-22 was £0. Three complete applications were received, two not reaching the required criteria and one offer made but declined.
The UK Tradeshow Programme 2022-2023 had a total allocated budget of £904,512.00 with actual spend totalling £347,755.67.
From 2022-2023, the Department spent a proportion of this on identifiable exhibitor and attendee elements. £191,057.54 on the exhibitor element and £41,020 on attendees’ elements. In the same period, the Department provided 56 exhibitors and 35 attendees with support.
The Tradeshow Programme offered an insight into how the Government can support business. We will continue to analyse the ways in which we can develop business support programmes to meet business needs, such as the Help to Grow scheme, and Business Academy programmes.
The UK Tradeshow Programme 2022-2023 had a total allocated budget of £904,512.00 with actual spend totalling £347,755.67.
From 2022-2023, the Department spent a proportion of this on identifiable exhibitor and attendee elements. £191,057.54 on the exhibitor element and £41,020 on attendees’ elements. In the same period, the Department provided 56 exhibitors and 35 attendees with support.
The Tradeshow Programme offered an insight into how the Government can support business. We will continue to analyse the ways in which we can develop business support programmes to meet business needs, such as the Help to Grow scheme, and Business Academy programmes.